sa_stateless_animation 2.0.0-nullsafety.0

Stateless Animation (part of Simple Animations Framework) enables developers to craft custom animations with simple widgets.

This project is part of the Simple Animations Framework

🚀 Stateless Animation

Stateless Animation enables developers to craft custom animations with simple widgets.

🌞 Highlights

• Create beautiful animations within seconds
• No struggeling with stateful widgets and AnimationControllers

⛏ Usage

🛈 The following code snippets use supercharged for syntactic sugar.

Getting started

Add Simple Animations to your project by following the instructions on the install page.

To learn how to use Stateless Animation:

• Continue reading this page
• Study complete examples at example page
• Discover the API documentation

PlayAnimation widget

Create your animation by adding the PlayAnimation widget to your app. It takes two mandatory parameters tween and builder.

Tween

The tween is the description of your animation. Mostly it will change a value from A to B. Tweens describe what will happen but not how fast it will happen.

// Animate a color from red to blue
Animatable<Color> myTween = Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue);

Builder

The builder is a function that is called for each new rendered frame of your animation. It takes three parameters: context, child and value.

• context is your Flutter BuildContext, which should be familiar to you.

• child is a placeholder for any widget that you can additionally pass in a PlayAnimation widget. It's usage is described further below.

• value is "current value" of any animated variable. If your tween describes to interpolate from 0 to 100, the variable is a value somewhere between 0 and 100.

How often your builder function is called, depends on the animation duration and the framerate of the device used.

A simple PlayAnimation

The PlayAnimation<?> widget can be typed with the type of the animated variable. This enables us the code type-safe.

PlayAnimation<Color>( // <-- specify type of animated variable
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue), // <-- define tween of colors
  builder: (context, child, value) { // <-- builder function
    return Container(
        color: value, // <-- use animated value
        width: 100, 
        height: 100
    );
});

This snippet creates animation of a red square. It's color will fade to blue within one second.

Animation duration

By default the duration of the animation is one second. You set the optional parameter duration to refine that.

PlayAnimation<Color>(
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue),
  builder: (context, child, value) {
    return Container(color: value, width: 100, height: 100);
  },
  duration: 5.seconds, // <-- specify duration
);

Now the red square will fade it's color for 5 seconds.

Delay

By default animations will play automatically. You can set the delay parameter to make PlayAnimation wait for a given amount of time.

PlayAnimation<Color>(
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue),
  builder: (context, child, value) {
    return Container(color: value, width: 100, height: 100);
  },
  duration: 5.seconds,
  delay: 2.seconds, // <-- add delay
);

The red square will wait for 2 seconds before it starts fading it's color.

Non-linear animation

You can make your animation more interesting by applying a non-linear timing curve to it. By default the tween is animated constantly or linear.

Scenarios where the animation is faster at beginning and slower at the ending are called non-linear animations.

You can enrich your animation with non-linear behavior by supplying a Curve to the curve parameter. Flutter comes with a set of predefined curves inside the Curves class.

PlayAnimation<Color>(
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue),
  curve: Curves.easeInOut, // <-- specify curve
  builder: (context, child, value) {
    return Container(color: value, width: 100, height: 100);
  },
);

Working with child widgets

Animations are highly demanding because parts of your apps are recomputed many times per second. It's important to keep these computions as low as possible.

Image the following scenario: There is a Container with a colored background. Inside the Container is a Text. Now we want to animate the background color. There is no need to recompute the Text because the animation only effects the Container color.

In that scenario we have static Text widget. Only the Container need to be update on each frame. We can set the static widget as a child parameter. In our builder function we receive that child widget and can use it inside our animated scene. This way the child widget is only computed once.

PlayAnimation<Color>(
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue),
  child: Text("Hello World"), // <-- set child widget
  builder: (context, child, value) { // <-- get child passed into builder function
    return Container(
      child: child, // <-- use child
      color: value,
      width: 100,
      height: 100,
    );
  },
);

Using keys

Flutter tends to recycle used widgets. If your app swaps out a PlayAnimation with another different PlayAnimation in the same second, it may recycle the first one. This may lead to a strange behavior.

All widgets mentioned here support keys to avoid such strange behavior. If you are not familiar with keys then watch this video.

LoopAnimation and MirrorAnimation

Beside PlayAnimation there are two similar widgets LoopAnimation and MirrorAnimation.

It's configuration is pretty the same as the PlayAnimation.

LoopAnimation

A LoopAnimation repeatly plays the specified tween from the start to the end.

LoopAnimation<Color>(
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue), // <-- mandatory
  builder: (context, child, value) { // <-- mandatory
    return Container(child: child, color: value, width: 100, height: 100);
  },
  duration: 5.seconds, // <-- optional
  curve: Curves.easeInOut, // <-- optional
  child: Text("Hello World"), // <-- optional
);

MirrorAnimation

A MirrorAnimation repeatly plays the specified tween from the start to the end, then reverse to the start, then again forward and so on.

MirrorAnimation<Color>(
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue), // <-- mandatory
  builder: (context, child, value) { // <-- mandatory
    return Container(child: child, color: value, width: 100, height: 100);
  },
  duration: 5.seconds, // <-- optional
  curve: Curves.easeInOut, // <-- optional
  child: Text("Hello World"), // <-- optional
);

CustomAnimation

Use CustomAnimation if the animation widgets discussed above aren't sufficient for you use case. Beside all parameters mentioned for PlayAnimation it allows you actively control the animation.

Take over control

The control parameter can be set to the following values:

CustomAnimationControl.VALUE	Description
STOP	Stops the animation at the current position.
PLAY	Plays the animation from the current position reverse to the start.
PLAY_REVERSE	Plays the animation from the current position reverse to the start.
PLAY_FROM_START	Reset the position of the animation to 0.0 and starts playing to the end.
PLAY_REVERSE_FROM_END	Reset the position of the animation to 1.0 and starts playing reverse to the start.
LOOP	Endlessly plays the animation from the start to the end.
MIRROR	Endlessly plays the animation from the start to the end, then it plays reverse to the start, then forward again and so on.

You can bind the control value to state variable and change it during the animation. The CustomAnimation will adapt to that.

class _PageState extends State<Page> {
  CustomAnimationControl control = CustomAnimationControl.PLAY; // <-- state variable

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return CustomAnimation<double>(
      control: control, // <-- bind state variable to parameter
      tween: (-100.0).tweenTo(100.0),
      builder: (context, child, value) {
        return Transform.translate( // <-- animation that moves childs from left to right
          offset: Offset(value, 0),
          child: child,
        );
      },
      child: MaterialButton( // <-- there is a button
        color: Colors.yellow,
        child: Text("Swap"),
        onPressed: toggleDirection, // <-- clicking button changes animation direction
      ),
    );
  }

  void toggleDirection() {
    setState(() { // toggle between control instructions
      control = (control == CustomAnimationControl.PLAY)
          ? CustomAnimationControl.PLAY_REVERSE
          : CustomAnimationControl.PLAY;
    });
  }
}

Start position

Each animation has an internal abstract position. This is a value ranging form 0.0 (start) to 1.0 end.

You can modify the initial position by setting the startPosition parameter.

CustomAnimation<Color>(
    control: CustomAnimationControl.PLAY, // <-- play forward
    startPosition: 0.5, // <-- set start position at 50%
    duration: 10.seconds, // <-- full duration is 10 seconds
    tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue),
    builder: (context, child, value) {
      return Container(color: value, width: 100, height: 100);
    });

This animation will start playing right in the middle of the specified animation and only will animate for 5 seconds.

Listen to AnimationStatus

Behind the scenes there is an AnimationController processing the animation. CustomAnimation exposes it's AnimationStatusListener to enable you to react to finished animations.

You can specify your own listener at the animationStatusListener parameter.

CustomAnimation<Color>(
  tween: Colors.red.tweenTo(Colors.blue),
  builder: (context, child, value) {
    return Container(color: value, width: 100, height: 100);
  },
  animationStatusListener: (AnimationStatus status) {
    if (status == AnimationStatus.completed) {
      print("Animation completed!");
    }
  },
);