AmountCents is the size of the movement in whole cents, always POSITIVE — direction carries the sign, so a caller must read both to know which way money went.
Connector names the feed this row arrived on — which bank or processor connection it was synced from. With externalId it is the row's identity, so re-syncing the same statement never books a second copy.
MatchedVoucher names the ledger voucher this line was reconciled against — the bill it paid, or the settlement it cleared. Absent when nothing matched, which for an inflow is what raises a question.
Status is where the line got to: posted (an outflow booked straight to an expense), settled (an outflow that paid down a scanned bill), reconciled (an inflow that cleared a pending settlement), transfer (a move between the org's own accounts, recorded but with no effect on the books), or unmatched (an inflow nobody could place, which is waiting on a human answer).