This tag records the name of the camera owner, photographer or image creator.
The detailed format is not specified, but it is recommended that the information be written
as in the example below for ease of Interoperability. When the field is left blank, it is
treated as unknown.
The number of bits per image component. In this standard each component of the image is
8 bits, so the value for this tag is 8. See also TAG_SAMPLES_PER_PIXEL. In JPEG
compressed data, this tag shall not be used because a JPEG marker is used instead of it.
The value of brightness. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range
of -99.99 to 99.99. Note that if the numerator of the recorded value is 0xFFFFFFFF,
Unknown shall be indicated.
Indicates the color filter array (CFA) geometric pattern of the image sensor when
a one-chip color area sensor is used. It does not apply to all sensing methods.
Information specific to compressed data. The channels of each component are arranged
in order from the 1st component to the 4th. For uncompressed data the data arrangement is
given in the TAG_PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION. However, since
TAG_PHOTOMETRIC_INTERPRETATION can only express the order of Y, Cb and Cr, this tag
is provided for cases when compressed data uses components other than Y, Cb, and Cr and to
enable support of other sequences.
The compression scheme used for the image data. When a primary image is JPEG compressed,
this designation is not necessary. So, this tag shall not be recorded. When thumbnails use
JPEG compression, this tag value is set to 6.
Copyright information. In this standard the tag is used to indicate both the photographer
and editor copyrights. It is the copyright notice of the person or organization claiming
rights to the image. The Interoperability copyright statement including date and rights
should be written in this field; e.g., "Copyright, John Smith, 19xx. All rights reserved."
In this standard the field records both the photographer and editor copyrights, with each
recorded in a separate part of the statement. When there is a clear distinction between
the photographer and editor copyrights, these are to be written in the order of photographer
followed by editor copyright, separated by NULL (in this case, since the statement also ends
with a NULL, there are two NULL codes) (see example 1). When only the photographer copyright
is given, it is terminated by one NULL code (see example 2). When only the editor copyright
is given, the photographer copyright part consists of one space followed by a terminating
NULL code, then the editor copyright is given (see example 3). When the field is left blank,
it is treated as unknown.
This tag indicates the use of special processing on image data, such as rendering geared
to output. When special processing is performed, the Exif/DCF reader is expected to disable
or minimize any further processing.
The date and time of image creation. In this standard it is the date and time the file
was changed. The format is "YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS" with time shown in 24-hour format, and
the date and time separated by one blank character ({@code 0x20}). When the date and time
are unknown, all the character spaces except colons (":") should be filled with blank
characters, or else the Interoperability field should be filled with blank characters.
The character string length is 20 Bytes including NULL for termination. When the field is
left blank, it is treated as unknown.
The date and time when the image was stored as digital data. If, for example, an image
was captured by DSC and at the same time the file was recorded, then
TAG_DATETIME_ORIGINAL and this tag will have the same contents. The format is
"YYYY:MM:DD HH:MM:SS" with time shown in 24-hour format, and the date and time separated by
one blank character ({@code 0x20}). When the date and time are unknown, all the character
spaces except colons (":")should be filled with blank characters, or else
the Interoperability field should be filled with blank characters. When the field is left
blank, it is treated as unknown.
This tag indicates information on the picture-taking conditions of a particular camera
model. The tag is used only to indicate the picture-taking conditions in the Exif/DCF
reader.
This tag indicates the digital zoom ratio when the image was shot. If the numerator of
the recorded value is 0, this indicates that digital zoom was not used.
This tag indicates the exposure mode set when the image was shot.
In EXPOSURE_MODE_AUTO_BRACKET, the camera shoots a series of frames of the same
scene at different exposure settings.
This tag indicates the status of flash when the image was shot. Bit 0 indicates the flash
firing status, bits 1 and 2 indicate the flash return status, bits 3 and 4 indicate
the flash mode, bit 5 indicates whether the flash function is present, and bit 6 indicates
"red eye" mode.
The Flashpix format version supported by a FPXR file. If the FPXR function supports
Flashpix format Ver. 1.0, this is indicated similarly to TAG_EXIF_VERSION by
recording "0100" as 4-byte ASCII.
This tag indicates the equivalent focal length assuming a 35mm film camera, in mm.
A value of 0 means the focal length is unknown. Note that this tag differs from
See also TAG_FOCAL_LENGTH.
Indicates the altitude used as the reference altitude. If the reference is sea level
and the altitude is above sea level, 0 is given. If the altitude is below sea level,
a value of 1 is given and the altitude is indicated as an absolute value in
TAG_GPS_ALTITUDE.
A character string recording the name of the GPS area. The first byte indicates
the character code used, and this is followed by the name of the GPS area.
Indicates the latitude of the destination point. The latitude is expressed as three
unsigned rational values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively.
If latitude is expressed as degrees, minutes and seconds, a typical format would be
dd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes
are given up to two decimal places, the format would be dd/1, mmmm/100, 0/1.
Indicates the longitude of the destination point. The longitude is expressed as three
unsigned rational values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively.
If longitude is expressed as degrees, minutes and seconds, a typical format would be ddd/1,
mm/1, ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are
given up to two decimal places, the format would be ddd/1, mmmm/100, 0/1.
Indicates the GPS DOP (data degree of precision). An HDOP value is written during
two-dimensional measurement, and PDOP during three-dimensional measurement.
Indicates the latitude. The latitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving
the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. If latitude is expressed as degrees,
minutes and seconds, a typical format would be dd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are
used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format
would be dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.
Indicates the longitude. The longitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving
the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. If longitude is expressed as degrees,
minutes and seconds, a typical format would be ddd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes
are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places,
the format would be ddd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.
Indicates the geodetic survey data used by the GPS receiver. If the survey data is
restricted to Japan,the value of this tag is 'TOKYO' or 'WGS-84'. If a GPS Info tag is
recorded, it is strongly recommended that this tag be recorded.
Indicates the GPS measurement mode. Originally it was defined for GPS, but it may
be used for recording a measure mode to record the position information provided from
a mobile base station or wireless LAN as well as GPS.
A character string recording the name of the method used for location finding.
The first byte indicates the character code used, and this is followed by the name of
the method.
Indicates the GPS satellites used for measurements. This tag may be used to describe
the number of satellites, their ID number, angle of elevation, azimuth, SNR and other
information in ASCII notation. The format is not specified. If the GPS receiver is incapable
of taking measurements, value of the tag shall be set to null.
Indicates the status of the GPS receiver when the image is recorded. 'A' means
measurement is in progress, and 'V' means the measurement is interrupted.
Indicates the version of GPS Info IFD. The version is given as 2.3.0.0. This tag is
mandatory when GPS-related tags are present. Note that this tag is written as a different
byte than TAG_EXIF_VERSION.
An ASCII string giving the title of the image. It is possible to be added a comment
such as "1988 company picnic" or the like. Two-byte character codes cannot be used. When
a 2-byte code is necessary, TAG_USER_COMMENT is to be used.
The number of columns of image data, equal to the number of pixels per row. In JPEG
compressed data, this tag shall not be used because a JPEG marker is used instead of it.
This tag indicates the ISO speed value of a camera or input device that is defined in
ISO 12232. When recording this tag, TAG_PHOTOGRAPHIC_SENSITIVITY and
TAG_SENSITIVITY_TYPE shall also be recorded.
This tag indicates the ISO speed latitude yyy value of a camera or input device that is
defined in ISO 12232. However, this tag shall not be recorded without TAG_ISO_SPEED
and TAG_ISO_SPEED_LATITUDE_ZZZ.
This tag indicates the ISO speed latitude zzz value of a camera or input device that is
defined in ISO 12232. However, this tag shall not be recorded without TAG_ISO_SPEED
and TAG_ISO_SPEED_LATITUDE_YYY.
The number of bytes of JPEG compressed thumbnail data. This is not used for primary image
JPEG data. JPEG thumbnails are not divided but are recorded as a continuous JPEG bitstream
from SOI to EOI. APPn and COM markers should not be recorded. Compressed thumbnails shall be
recorded in no more than 64 KBytes, including all other data to be recorded in APP1.
This tag notes minimum focal length, maximum focal length, minimum F number in the
minimum focal length, and minimum F number in the maximum focal length, which are
specification information for the lens that was used in photography. When the minimum
F number is unknown, the notation is 0/0.
The manufacturer of the recording equipment. This is the manufacturer of the DSC,
scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When the field is left
blank, it is treated as unknown.
The smallest F number of the lens. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given
in the range of 00.00 to 99.99, but it is not limited to this range.
The model name or model number of the equipment. This is the model name of number of
the DSC, scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When
the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Indicates the Opto-Electric Conversion Function (OECF) specified in ISO 14524. OECF is
the relationship between the camera optical input and the image values.
A tag used to record the offset from UTC (the time difference from Universal Time
Coordinated including daylight saving time) of the time of DateTime tag. The format when
recording the offset is "±HH:MM". The part of "±" shall be recorded as "+" or "-". When
the offsets are unknown, all the character spaces except colons (":") should be filled
with blank characters, or else the Interoperability field should be filled with blank
characters. The character string length is 7 Bytes including NULL for termination. When
the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
A tag used to record the offset from UTC (the time difference from Universal Time
Coordinated including daylight saving time) of the time of DateTimeDigitized tag. The format
when recording the offset is "±HH:MM". The part of "±" shall be recorded as "+" or "-". When
the offsets are unknown, all the character spaces except colons (":") should be filled
with blank characters, or else the Interoperability field should be filled with blank
characters. The character string length is 7 Bytes including NULL for termination. When
the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
A tag used to record the offset from UTC (the time difference from Universal Time
Coordinated including daylight saving time) of the time of DateTimeOriginal tag. The format
when recording the offset is "±HH:MM". The part of "±" shall be recorded as "+" or "-". When
the offsets are unknown, all the character spaces except colons (":") should be filled
with blank characters, or else the Interoperability field should be filled with blank
characters. The character string length is 7 Bytes including NULL for termination. When
the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
This tag indicates the sensitivity of the camera or input device when the image was shot.
More specifically, it indicates one of the following values that are parameters defined in
ISO 12232: standard output sensitivity (SOS), recommended exposure index (REI), or ISO
speed. Accordingly, if a tag corresponding to a parameter that is designated by
TAG_SENSITIVITY_TYPE is recorded, the values of the tag and of this tag are
the same. However, if the value is 65535 or higher, the value of this tag shall be 65535.
When recording this tag, TAG_SENSITIVITY_TYPE should also be recorded. In addition,
while “Count = Any”, only 1 count should be used when recording this tag.
Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid
width of the meaningful image shall be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is padding
data or a restart marker. This tag shall not exist in an uncompressed file.
Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid
height of the meaningful image shall be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is
padding data or a restart marker. This tag shall not exist in an uncompressed file.
Since data padding is unnecessary in the vertical direction, the number of lines recorded
in this valid image height tag will in fact be the same as that recorded in the SOF.
Indicates whether pixel components are recorded in chunky or planar format. In JPEG
compressed data, this tag shall not be used because a JPEG marker is used instead of it.
If this field does not exist, the TIFF default, FORMAT_CHUNKY, is assumed.
This tag indicates the recommended exposure index value of a camera or input device
defined in ISO 12232. When recording this tag, TAG_PHOTOGRAPHIC_SENSITIVITY and
TAG_SENSITIVITY_TYPE shall also be recorded.
The reference black point value and reference white point value. No defaults are given
in TIFF, but the values below are given as defaults here. The color space is declared in
a color space information tag, with the default being the value that gives the optimal image
characteristics Interoperability these conditions
The number of rows per strip. This is the number of rows in the image of one strip when
an image is divided into strips. In the case of JPEG compressed data, this designation is
not necessary. So, this tag shall not be recorded.
The number of components per pixel. Since this standard applies to RGB and YCbCr images,
the value set for this tag is 3. In JPEG compressed data, this tag shall not be used because
a JPEG marker is used instead of it.
This tag records the name and version of the software or firmware of the camera or image
input device used to generate the image. The detailed format is not specified, but it is
recommended that the example shown below be followed. When the field is left blank, it is
treated as unknown.
This tag records the camera or input device spatial frequency table and SFR values in
the direction of image width, image height, and diagonal direction, as specified in
ISO 12233.
Indicates the spectral sensitivity of each channel of the camera used. The tag value is
an ASCII string compatible with the standard developed by the ASTM Technical committee.
This tag indicates the standard output sensitivity value of a camera or input device
defined in ISO 12232. When recording this tag, TAG_PHOTOGRAPHIC_SENSITIVITY and
TAG_SENSITIVITY_TYPE shall also be recorded.
For each strip, the byte offset of that strip. It is recommended that this be selected
so the number of strip bytes does not exceed 64 KBytes.In the case of JPEG compressed data,
this designation is not necessary. So, this tag shall not be recorded.
The distance to the subject, given in meters. Note that if the numerator of the recorded
value is 0xFFFFFFFF, Infinity shall be indicated; and if the numerator is 0, Distance
unknown shall be indicated.
Indicates the location of the main subject in the scene. The value of this tag represents
the pixel at the center of the main subject relative to the left edge, prior to rotation
processing as per TAG_ORIENTATION. The first value indicates the X column number
and second indicates the Y row number. When a camera records the main subject location,
it is recommended that TAG_SUBJECT_AREA be used instead of this tag.
A tag for Exif users to write keywords or comments on the image besides those in
TAG_IMAGE_DESCRIPTION, and without the character code limitations of it.
The position of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component. This field
is designated only for JPEG compressed data or uncompressed YCbCr data. The TIFF default is
Y_CB_CR_POSITIONING_CENTERED; but when Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:2 it is recommended in this
standard that Y_CB_CR_POSITIONING_CO_SITED be used to record data, in order to
improve the image quality when viewed on TV systems. When this field does not exist,
the reader shall assume the TIFF default. In the case of Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:0, the TIFF default
(Y_CB_CR_POSITIONING_CENTERED) is recommended. If the Exif/DCF reader does not
have the capability of supporting both kinds of positioning, it shall follow the TIFF
default regardless of the value in this field. It is preferable that readers can support
both centered and co-sited positioning.
The sampling ratio of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component.
In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag. So, this tag shall not
be recorded.
