system_ssh

SSH tunnels for Dart through the system's own ssh, so they open exactly as they would from your terminal:

• Host aliases, ProxyJump, Include and Match in ~/.ssh/config
• your agent, including IdentityAgent sockets such as 1Password's
• hardware keys, certificates and known_hosts

Usage

import 'package:system_ssh/system_ssh.dart';

Future<void> main() async {
  const client = SystemSshClient();
  final tunnel = await client.openTunnel(
    const SshTarget('ssh.example.com'),
    remoteHost: 'db.example.com',
    remotePort: 5432,
  );

  print('db.example.com:5432 is on 127.0.0.1:${tunnel.localPort}');
  await tunnel.close();
}

• SshTarget takes an optional port and user; the rest comes from ~/.ssh/config.
• localPort forwards a fixed 127.0.0.1 port instead of a free one.
• onLog gets ssh's output while it connects.
• abortTrigger gives up while it connects.
• tunnel.done completes when ssh exits, for example when the connection drops.
• SystemSshClient(executable: ...) runs an ssh that isn't on the PATH.
• SystemSshClient(environment: ...) adds variables to the environment ssh inherits; a bare executable is looked up on the PATH it sets.

ssh's output and the full command also go to the system_ssh logger of package:logging.

GUI apps

An app started from the macOS Dock or Finder gets none of what your shell profile sets: its PATH is /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin. On Linux a desktop launcher usually reads ~/.profile, but not ~/.bashrc, ~/.zshrc or ~/.zprofile. A ProxyCommand running cloudflared or aws from Homebrew then isn't found, and an SSH_AUTH_SOCK exported in your shell profile isn't used. Turn on loginShell to give ssh your login shell's PATH, HOME, DISPLAY and SSH_ variables:

const client = SystemSshClient(loginShell: true);

It runs your shell once, on the first tunnel, gives up after 5 seconds, and does nothing on Windows, where apps already get your PATH. environment adds variables on top, and wins on a clash:

const client = SystemSshClient(
  loginShell: true,
  environment: {'AWS_PROFILE': 'staging'},
);

Failures

Exception	When
SshNotFoundException	no ssh could be started; on Windows the message says how to add OpenSSH Client
SshTunnelAbortedException	abortTrigger completed first
SshPortInUseException	the localPort you asked for is taken
SshTunnelException	ssh exited before the tunnel opened; log and exitCode say why
SshException	anything else, such as ClearAllForwardings in your config
ArgumentError	a host or user ssh could misread, such as -oProxyCommand=…, or a localPort outside 1 to 65535

Options it sets

system_ssh asks ssh -G what your config resolves to and only adds what an unattended tunnel needs:

Option	When
ExitOnForwardFailure=yes, ControlPath=none	always
BatchMode=yes	your config leaves it at no
StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new	your config leaves it at ask; a changed key still fails
ConnectTimeout=15	your config sets none
ServerAliveInterval=15	your config sets none
ForkAfterAuthentication=no	your config turns it on

The forward binds 127.0.0.1 only. close(), or your process exiting, even by a crash, stops ssh and any ProxyJump or ProxyCommand it started.

Limits

• A ProxyJump host doesn't get these options; ssh doesn't pass them on.
• Forwards your config sets for the host open too.
• Password and keyboard-interactive logins aren't supported yet, and a key with a passphrase needs an agent. A config that sets BatchMode no looks like the default, so it doesn't bring prompts back.
• On Windows, a child ssh starts in the instant before it joins its job object can outlive a crash.

Platforms

Tested in CI against a real sshd, with each runner's own OpenSSH:

Runner	OpenSSH
Ubuntu 22.04, 24.04, 26.04	8.9, 9.6, 10.2
macOS 15, 26	9.9, 10.3
Windows Server 2022, 2025	9.5

Testing

Depend on the SshClient interface, and pass a fake in tests:

class FakeSshClient implements SshClient {
  @override
  Future<SshTunnel> openTunnel(SshTarget server,
          {required String remoteHost,
          required int remotePort,
          int? localPort,
          void Function(String line)? onLog,
          Future<void>? abortTrigger}) =>
      throw const SshTunnelException('Permission denied (publickey).');
}