decimalValue function
The value of a single decimal character, 0-9. Anything else yields -1, so a number assembled
from junk fails validation downstream rather than throwing here.
Sits in shared/ rather than shared/check_digits/ because it is not check-digit-specific:
every algorithm there decodes with it, and so does Digits.
Implementation
int decimalValue(int codeUnit) =>
codeUnit >= _asciiZero && codeUnit <= _asciiNine ? codeUnit - _asciiZero : -1;