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FHIR library of versions R4, STU3, DSTU2, and R5 (draft) for Dart & Flutter.

FHIR #

A Dart/Flutter package for working with FHIR resources.

It contains packages for the 3 released FHIR versions:

As well as the R5 Preview #3:

Say Hello! #

  • As all parts of this are new (FHIR, Flutter, using the two together), I'd love to hear from you if you're working in this space. You can email me at grey@fhirfli.dev.

How To Use #

In order to use this package in your app, you must include the following in your pubspec.yaml file under dependencies:

dependencies:
  fhir: ^0.1.4

Or if you want to include the most recent unreleased version from Github

fhir:
  git:
    url: git://github.com/Dokotela/fhir.git

Then, in any file where you're going to be using it, simply import it like this:

import 'package:fhir/r4.dart';

Or, you may need to rename the package, for instance, there are some variables FHIR uses that overlap with dart:core, or if you're going to be using more than oen version of FHIR in the same file:

import 'package:fhir/r4.dart' as r4;
import 'package:fhir/stu3.dart' as stu3;

And then just remember to append r4 or stu3 to any variables you use from the library.

Currently this package is really just for serializing/deserializing FHIR data, and being able to create FHIR resources.

To do something like create a patient, you can do the following::

var newPatient = Patient(
  resourceType: 'Patient',
  name: [
    HumanName(family: 'LastName', given: ['FirstName'])
  ],
  birthDate: Date('2020-01-01'),
  gender: PatientGender.female,
);

If you're instead trying to get data from a server (currently I haven't implemented SMART on FHIR so it would need to be an open server, HAPI for instance - make sure you choose the right version you're interested in), a very simple example of querying and then printing the result:

import 'dart:convert';

import 'package:fhir/r4.dart';
import 'package:http/http.dart';

Future main() async {
  var server = 'http://hapi.fhir.org/baseR4';
  var headers = {'Content-type': 'application/json'};
  var desiredResource = 'Patient';
  var response = await get('$server/$desiredResource', headers: headers);
  var searchSetBundle = Bundle.fromJson(json.decode(response.body));
  print(searchSetBundle.toJson());
}

All of the FHIR resources are immutable classes using the freezed package, which means you can take advantage of it's functionality for things like copying/updating:

  var changePatientName = newPatient.copyWith(name: [
    HumanName(family: 'NewLastName', given: ['SameFirstName'])
  ]);

And that's essentially all there is at this point. This is still very much a developing package, so there are likely to be breaking changes as I try and figure out how it should all work. I welcome any and all feedback, suggestions or pull requests.

Primitive Values #

Primitive values are these, things like instant, string, integer, etc. Howevever, because FHIR has some definitions of how they define some of these values that differ from Dart, I've made all of them (except String) and primitiveObject. This has a couple of useful things (and one or two annoying ones). In order to make something like an integer, you have to write it like this: Integer(128) or Integer('128). Yes, a little annoying, but it prevents inappropriate formatting, especially for things like dates that are a lot trickier. You can, however, check equality without this. For instance, Integer(128) == 128 will evaluate to true.

As I was saying, dates are tricker. For Date or DateTime you're allowed to use values of 2020, 2020-06, or 2020-06-01 (written of course Date('2020-06-01')). For Instant and DateTime you're also allowed to specify hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds. For Instant at least hour, minute and second is required. So, the way I've decided to deal with dates is to first turn them into Strings. I then see if they are a Date with the isDate function. If they are, I check if they're more or less than 10 characters. If they're less than 10 characters, I store however many characters they are, and return this number when I print it out. If they're more than 10 characters, I check if there's a space in the 10 position and replaces it with a "T" (because FHIR doesn't allow 2017-01-01 00:00:00.000Z but will allow 2017-01-01T00:00:00.000Z.) I then parse it to a DateTime and then I change it to UTC. This is also how I return the value. THIS IS IMPORTANT because it means that if you specify anything with an hour, minute, second or millisecond, whether or not you assign it a timezone, this package will still change it and output it in UTC. This is mostly because I think that makes it easier to do any calculations with, because all times are going to be in UTC. Then, all you have to do is change it to the local timezone when you display it (if you want to).

Thus
input: FhirDateTime('2015-02-07T13:28:17-05:00'), output: 2015-02-07T18:28:17.000Z
input: FhirDateTime('2015-02-07T13:28:17'), output: 2015-02-07T13:28:17.000 - you're technically supposed to have a time zone when you specify more than a simple date
input: FhirDateTime('2017-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'), output: 2017-01-01T00:00:00.000Z

Upcoming #

Two affiliated packages that add more function to this one are:

  1. fhir_at_rest is a package to assist with any RESTful requests that will follow the FHIR spec
  2. fhir_db is essentially just the Sembast_SQFLite by Alex Tekartik that I added some convenience functions to store FHIR resources.
  3. I am also working on an auth package that will include Smart on FHIR, but that hasn't been fully implemented yet.

Validation #

  • For validation testing, I run all of the sample files from hl7 through a tester. There is an errors.txt file in the test folder where all of the errors are reported (the file name and then the specific field). Currently the only errors involve Codes and IDs. The Codes have to due with the fact that code is not supposed to have leading or trailing white space. The issues with the IDs are that IDs are not supposed to be more than 64 characters, and these are 65. However, if it turns out that no one wants to enforce these as strictly as I do, I may relax them. Also, for r5, there are some fields that I'm not sure if they're supposed to be lists or not, and there are a number of reference I'm not sure if I have the correct name (because the names differe on the website vs. the downloadable schema). I've kept whichever one seemed to be present in the examples.
  • For validating the toYaml() functions, I first read the map into a Resource, convert it into Yaml, convert it back into a Resource, and then use that in the validation function above.
  • There are two files that seem to have random nulls in the middle, I'm not sure why, they don't seem to serve any purpose, and they don't currently transfer into Yaml at this point.

First Package #

This is the first time I've ever created a package, feedback and pull requests are welcome. I've also been started to implement type checking using Freezed. But if you run into any issues with this, either incorrect validation, or frustrating to work with returned failures, please let me know.

Code Generation #

I think it's the new compiling. It's actually great though, json_serializable and freezed are used extensively throughout. In order to allow a field to contain any resource, it is passed to the resource class and is passed to a switch case statement (which feels a little clunky, but I haven't managed a better way yet). I've removed the resource.g.dart files for all versions. It didn't appear to ever be used, but did lose me points on pub.dev. But if it changes your functionality, please let me know. It will state that there's an error when you run code generation however.

[WARNING] json_serializable:json_serializable on lib/dstu2/basic_types/resource.dart:
Missing "part 'resource.g.dart';".

Formatting Notes #

  • Class names: upper camel case.
  • Variables: lower camel case.
  • File names: snake case.
  • FHIR nested classes (including enums) listed under the primary class
  • There are a number of FHIR fields that are reserved words in Dart. For these, I have added a '_' to the end of the field. (note that this does not change the json format, as when that happens the @JsonKey has been added to the field like so:
@JsonKey(name: 'extension') List<FhirExtension> extension_,

A couple special notes about DSTU2 #

  • Because Dstu2 is not formatted as well as the newer versions, a number of the names end up being extremely long. What I have decided to do is the following:
    • If the field/class id in the schema is a single word("id": "integer" or "id": "ValueSet"), that word is used as the field or class name.
    • If the id is more than a single word AND it is a primitive type ("id": "ValueSet.expansion.contains.display" which is a string), the last word is used as the type, in this case the field would be: String display
    • If the id is 2 words and is NOT a primitive type ("id": "ValueSet.expansion"), the type is the two words combined with upper camel case, and the field is the last word: ValueSetExpansion expansion
    • if the id is more than 2 words and NOT a primitive type ("id": "TestScript.setup.action.operation.requestHeader"), the type is the first, next to last and last word combined with upper camel case, and the field is the last word: TestScriptOperationRequestHeader requestHeader
  • Many of the element fields I have included because they are included as part of the test resources. I could not find a full list online, so there may still be some element fields that I have missed.

FHIR datatypes (these are R4 (which is what everyone should be using, but since EHR vendors are doing everything they can to not share data, I am also working on stu3 and dstu2 as well) #

PrimitiveTypes GeneralTypes MetadataTypes SpecialTypes DraftTypes
base64binary address contactDetail dosage population
boolean age contributor elementDefinition productedShelfLife
canonical annotation dataRequirement extension prodCharacteristic
code attachment parameterDefinition meta marketingStatus
date codeableConcept relatedArtifact narrative substanceAmount
dateTime coding triggerDefinition reference
decimal contactPoint usageContext
id count relatedArtifact
instant distance triggerDefinition
integer duration usageContext
markdown humanName expression
oid identifier
positiveInt money
string moneyQuantity
time period
unsignedInt quantity
uri range
url ratio
sampledData
signature
simpleQuantity
timing
ResourceTypes by Category
Base
Individuals Entities1 Entities2 Workflow Management
Group Endpoing BiologicallyDerivedProduct Appointment Encounter
Patient HealthcareService Device AppointmentResponse EpisodeOfCare
Person Location DeviceMetric Schedule Flag
Practitioner Organization Substance Slot Library
PractitionerRole OrganizationAffiliation VerificationResult List
RelatedPerson
Clinical
Summary Diagnostics Medications CareProvision RequestAndResponse
AdverseEvent BodyStructure Immunization CarePlan Communication
AllergyIntolerance DiagnosticReport ImmunizationEvaluation CareTeam CommunicationRequest
ClinicalImpression ImagingStudy ImmunizationRecommendation Goal DeviceRequest
DetectedIssue Media Medication NutritionOrder DeviceUseStatement
FamilyMemberHistory MolecularSequence MedicationAdministration RequestGroup GuidanceResponse
Procedure Observation MedicationDispense RiskAssessment SupplyDelivery
QuestionnaireResponse MedicationKnowledge VisionPrescription SupplyRequest
Specimen MedicationRequest
MedicationStatement
Financial
Support Billing Payment General
Coverage Claim PaymentNotice Account
CoverageEligibilityRequest ClaimResponse PaymentReconciliation ChargeItem
CoverageEligibilityResponse Invoice ChargeItemDefinition
EnrollmentRequest Contract
EnrollmentResponse ExplanationOfBenefits
InsurancePlan
Foundation
Conformance Terminology Security Documents Other
CapabilityStatement CodeSystem AuditEvent CatalogEntry Basic
CompartmentDefinition ConceptMap Consent Composition Binary
ExampleScenario NamingSystem Provenance DocumentManifest Bundle
GraphDefinition TerminologyCapabilities DocumentReference Linkage
ImplementationGuide ValueSet MessageHeader
MessageDefinition OperationOutcome
OperationDefinition Parameters
SearchParameter Subscription
StructureDefinition
StructureMap
Specialized
Public Health And Research Definitional Artifacts Evidence Based Medicine Quality Reporting And Testing Medication Definition
ResearchStudy ActivityDefinition EffectEvidenceSynthesis Measure MedicinalProduct
ResearchSubject DeviceDefinition Evidence MeasureReport MedicinalProductAuthorization
EventDefinition EvidenceVariable TestScript MedicinalProductContraindication
ObservationDefinition ResearchDefinition TestReport MedicinalProductIndication
PlanDefinition ResearchElementDefinition MedicinalProductIngredient
Quesionnaire RiskEvidenceSynthesis MedicinalProductInteraction
SpecimenDefinition MedicinalProductManufactured
MedicinalProductPackaged
MedicinalProductPharmaceutical
MedicinalProductUndesirableEffect
SubstanceNucleicAcid
SubstancePolymer
SubstanceProtein
SubstanceReferenceInformation
SubstanceSpecification
SubstanceSourceMaterial
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Publisher

verified publisherfhirfli.dev

FHIR library of versions R4, STU3, DSTU2, and R5 (draft) for Dart & Flutter.

Homepage
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License

unknown (LICENSE)

Dependencies

dartz, fhir_yaml, freezed_annotation, json_annotation, string_validator, yaml

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