ComplexZmanimCalendar class

This class extends ZmanimCalendar and provides many more zmanim than available in the ZmanimCalendar. The basis for most zmanim in this class are from the sefer Yisroel Vehazmanim by Rabbi Yisrael Dovid Harfenes. As an example of the number of different zmanim made available by this class, there are methods to return 18 different calculations for alos (dawn), 18 for plag hamincha and 29 for tzais available in this API. The real power of this API is the ease in calculating zmanim that are not part of the library. The methods for zmanim calculations not present in this class or it's superclass ZmanimCalendar are contained in the AstronomicalCalendar, the base class of the calendars in our API since they are generic methods for calculating time based on degrees or time before or after [getSunrise sunrise and [getSunset sunset and are of interest for calculation beyond zmanim calculations. Here are some examples. First create the Calendar for the location you would like to calculate:

 String locationName = "Lakewood, NJ";
 double latitude = 40.0828; // Lakewood, NJ
 double longitude = -74.2094; // Lakewood, NJ
 double elevation = 20; // optional elevation correction in Meters
 // the String parameter in getTimeZone] has to be a valid timezone listed in
 // {link java.util.TimeZone#getAvailableIDs]
 TimeZone timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/New_York");
 GeoLocation location = new GeoLocation(locationName, latitude, longitude, elevation, timeZone);
 ComplexZmanimCalendar czc = new ComplexZmanimCalendar(location);
 // Optionally set the date or it will default to today's date
 czc.getCalendar].set(Calendar.MONTH, Calendar.FEBRUARY);
czc.getCalendar].set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 8);

Note: For locations such as Israel where the beginning and end of daylight savings time can fluctuate from year to year, if your version of Java does not have an up to date timezone database, create a {link java.util.SimpleTimeZone with the known start and end of DST. To get alos calculated as 14° below the horizon (as calculated in the calendars published in Montreal), add {link AstronomicalCalendar#GEOMETRIC_ZENITH (90) to the 14° offset to get the desired time:

Date alos14 = czc.getSunriseOffsetByDegrees({link AstronomicalCalendar#GEOMETRIC_ZENITH + 14);

To get mincha gedola calculated based on the Magen Avraham (MGA) using a shaah zmanis based on the day starting 16.1° below the horizon (and ending 16.1° after sunset) the following calculation can be used:

Date minchaGedola = czc.getTimeOffset(czc.getAlos16point1Degrees], czc.getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees] * 6.5);

or even simpler using the included convenience methods

Date minchaGedola = czc.getMinchaGedola(czc.getAlos16point1Degrees], czc.getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees]);

A little more complex example would be calculating zmanim that rely on a shaah zmanis that is not present in this library. While a drop more complex, it is still rather easy. An example would be to calculate the Trumas Hadeshen's alos to tzais based plag hamincha as calculated in the Machzikei Hadass calendar in Manchester, England. A number of this calendar's zmanim are calculated based on a day starting at alos of 12° before sunrise and ending at tzais of 7.083° after sunset. Be aware that since the alos and tzais do not use identical degree based offsets, this leads to chatzos being at a time other than the getSunTransit solar transit (solar midday). To calculate this zman, use the following steps. Note that plag hamincha is 10.75 hours after the start of the day, and the following steps are all that it takes.

 Date plag = czc.getPlagHamincha(czc.getSunriseOffsetByDegrees({link AstronomicalCalendar#GEOMETRIC_ZENITH + 12),
czc.getSunsetOffsetByDegrees({link AstronomicalCalendar#GEOMETRIC_ZENITH + ZENITH_7_POINT_083));

Something a drop more challenging, but still simple, would be calculating a zman using the same "complex" offset day used in the above mentioned Manchester calendar, but for a shaos zmaniyos based zman not not supported by this library, such as calculating the point that one should be makpid not to eat on erev Shabbos or erev Yom Tov. This is 9 shaos zmaniyos into the day.

- Calculate the _shaah zmanis_ in milliseconds for this day
- Add 9 of these _shaos zmaniyos_ to alos starting at 12°

 long shaahZmanis = czc.getTemporalHour(czc.getSunriseOffsetByDegrees({link AstronomicalCalendar#GEOMETRIC_ZENITH + 12),
 						czc.getSunsetOffsetByDegrees({link AstronomicalCalendar#GEOMETRIC_ZENITH + ZENITH_7_POINT_083));
 Date sofZmanAchila = getTimeOffset(czc.getSunriseOffsetByDegrees({link AstronomicalCalendar#GEOMETRIC_ZENITH + 12),
shaahZmanis * 9);

Calculating this sof zman achila according to the GRA is simplicity itself.

Date sofZamnAchila = czc.getTimeOffset(czc.getSunrise], czc.getShaahZmanisGra] * 9);

Documentation from the {link ZmanimCalendar parent class

{inheritDoc

author © Eliyahu Hershfeld 2004 - 2020

Inheritance

• Object
• ZmanimCalendar
• ComplexZmanimCalendar

Constructors

ComplexZmanimCalendar()

Default constructor will set a default GeoLocation, a default AstronomicalCalculator.getDefault AstronomicalCalculator and default the calendar to the current date.

ComplexZmanimCalendar.intGeoLocation(GeoLocation location)

Properties

astronomicalCalculator ↔ AstronomicalCalculator

getter/setter pair, inherited

geoLocation ↔ GeoLocation

getter/setter pair, inherited

hashCode → int

The hash code for this object.

no setter, inherited

runtimeType → Type

A representation of the runtime type of the object.

no setter, inherited

shiftTimeByLocationName ↔ Map<String, int>

getter/setter pair

Methods

clone() → ComplexZmanimCalendar

getAdjustedCalendar() → DateTime

Adjusts the Calendar to deal with edge cases where the location crosses the antimeridian.

inherited

getAlos120() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated using 120 minutes before getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (no adjustment for elevation is made) based on the time to walk the distance of 5 Mil( Ula) at 24 minutes a Mil. Time based offset calculations for alos are based on the opinion of the Rishonim who stated that the time of the Neshef (time between dawn and sunrise) does not vary by the time of year or location but purely depends on the time it takes to walk the distance of 5 Mil(Ula).

getAlos120Zmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns alos (dawn) calculated using 120 minutes zmaniyos or 1/6th of the day before getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the {link #isUseElevation] setting). This is based on a 24 minute Mil so the time for 5 Mil is 120 minutes which is 1/6th of a day (12 * 60 / 6 = 120). The day is calculated from getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to [getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation. The actual calculation used is getSunrise - ( getShaahZmanisGra * 2).

getAlos16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated when the sun is ZENITH_16_POINT_1 16.1° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise. This calculation is based on the same calculation of getAlos72 72 minutes but uses a degree based calculation instead of 72 exact minutes. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 72 minutes before sunrise in Jerusalem during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) which calculates to 16.1° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith.

getAlos18Degrees() → DateTime?

A method to return alos (dawn) calculated when the sun is ASTRONOMICAL_ZENITH 18° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise.

getAlos19Degrees() → DateTime?

A method to return alos (dawn) calculated when the sun is ZENITH_19_DEGREES 19° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise. This is the Rambam's alos according to Rabbi Moshe Kosower's Maaglei Tzedek, page 88, Ayeles Hashachar Vol. I, page 12, Yom Valayla Shel Torah, Ch. 34, p. 222 and Rabbi Yaakov Shakow's Luach Ikvei Hayom.

getAlos19Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated when the sun is ZENITH_19_POINT_8 19.8° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise. This calculation is based on the same calculation of getAlos90 90 minutes but uses a degree based calculation instead of 90 exact minutes. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 90 minutes before sunrise in Jerusalem during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) which calculates to 19.8° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

getAlos26Degrees() → DateTime?

A method to return alos (dawn) calculated when the sun is ZENITH_26_DEGREES 26° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise. This calculation is based on the same calculation of getAlos120 120 minutes but uses a degree based calculation instead of 120 exact minutes. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 120 minutes before sunrise in Jerusalem during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) which calculates to 26° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith.

getAlos60() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated as 60 minutes before sunrise. This is the time to walk the distance of 4 Mil at 15 minutes a Mil. This seems to be the opinion of the Chavas Yair in the Mekor Chaim, Orach Chaim Ch. 90, though the Mekor chaim in Ch. 58 and in the Chut Hashani Cha 97 states that a a person walks 3 and a 1/3 mil in an hour, or an 18 minute mil. Also see the Divrei Malkiel Vol. 4, Ch. 20, page 34 who mentions the 15 minute mil lechumra by baking matzos. Also see the Maharik Ch. 173 where the questioner quoting the Ra'avan is of the opinion that the time to walk a mil is 15 minutes (5 mil in a little over an hour). There are many who believe that there is a ta'us sofer (scribe's error) in the Ra'avan, and it should 4 mil in a little over an hour, or an 18 minute mil. Time based offset calculations are based on the opinion of the Rishonim who stated that the time of the neshef (time between dawn and sunrise) does not vary by the time of year or location but purely depends on the time it takes to walk the distance of 4* mil. getTzaisGeonim9Point75Degrees is a related zman that is a degree based calculation based on 60 minutes.

getAlos72() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated using 72 minutes before getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the isUseElevation setting). This time is based on the time to walk the distance of 4 Mil at 18 minutes a Mil. The 72 minute time (but not the concept of fixed minutes) is based on the opinion that the time of the Neshef (twilight between dawn and sunrise) does not vary by the time of year or location but depends on the time it takes to walk the distance of 4 Mil.

inherited

getAlos72Zmanis() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated using 72 minutes zmaniyos or 1/10th of the day before sunrise. This is based on an 18 minute Mil so the time for 4 Mil is 72 minutes which is 1/10th of a day (12 * 60 = 720) based on the a day being from getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or [getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation setting). The actual calculation is getSeaLevelSunrise- ( getShaahZmanisGra * 1.2). This calculation is used in the calendars published by Hisachdus Harabanim D'Artzos Habris Ve'Canada

getAlos90() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated using 90 minutes before getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise based on the time to walk the distance of 4 Mil at 22.5 minutes a Mil. Time based offset calculations for alos are based on the opinion of the Rishonim who stated that the time of the Neshef (time between dawn and sunrise) does not vary by the time of year or location but purely depends on the time it takes to walk the distance of 4 Mil.

getAlos90Zmanis() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated using 90 minutes zmaniyos or 1/8th of the day before getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the isUseElevation setting). This is based on a 22.5 minute Mil so the time for 4 Mil is 90 minutes which is 1/8th of a day (12 * 60) / 8 = 90 The day is calculated from getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation. The actual calculation used is getSunrise - ( getShaahZmanisGra * 1.5).

getAlos96() → DateTime?

Method to return alos (dawn) calculated using 96 minutes before before getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the isUseElevation setting) that is based on the time to walk the distance of 4 Mil at 24 minutes a Mil. Time based offset calculations for alos are based on the opinion of the Rishonim who stated that the time of the Neshef (time between dawn and sunrise) does not vary by the time of year or location but purely depends on the time it takes to walk the distance of 4 Mil.

getAlos96Zmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns alos (dawn) calculated using 96 minutes zmaniyos or 1/7.5th of the day before getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the isUseElevation setting). This is based on a 24 minute Mil so the time for 4 Mil is 96 minutes which is 1/7.5th of a day (12 * 60 / 7.5 = 96). The day is calculated from [getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation. The actual calculation used is getSunrise - ( getShaahZmanisGra * 1.6).

getAlosBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

Returns the Baal Hatanya's alos (dawn) calculated as the time when the sun is 16.9° below the eastern GEOMETRIC_ZENITH before getSunrise. For more information the source of 16.9° see ZENITH_16_POINT_9.

getAlosHashachar() → DateTime?

Returns alos (dawn) based on the time when the sun is ZENITH_16_POINT_1 16.1° below the eastern GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric horizon before getSunrise. This is based on the calculation that the time between dawn and sunrise (and sunset to nightfall) is 72 minutes, the time that is takes to walk 4 mil at 18 minutes a mil (Rambam and others). The sun's position at 72 minutes before getSunrise sunrise in Jerusalem on the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) is 16.1° below. See the GEOMETRIC_ZENITH constant.

inherited

getAstronomicalCalculator() → AstronomicalCalculator

A method that returns the currently set AstronomicalCalculator.

inherited

getAteretTorahSunsetOffset() → double

Returns the offset in minutes after sunset used to calculate sunset for the Ateret Torah zmanim. The default value is 40 minutes. This affects most zmanim, since almost all zmanim use subset as part of their calculation.

getBainHasmashosRT13Point24Degrees() → DateTime?

Method to return the beginning of bain hashmashos of Rabbeinu Tam calculated when the sun is ZENITH_13_POINT_24 13.24° below the western GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric horizon (90°) after sunset. This calculation is based on the same calculation of getBainHasmashosRT58Point5Minutes bain hashmashos Rabbeinu Tam 58.5 minutes} but uses a degree based calculation instead of 58.5 exact minutes. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 58.5 minutes after sunset in Jerusalem during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) which calculates to 13.24° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH. NOTE: As per Yisrael Vehazmanim Vol. III page 1028 No 50, a dip of slightly less than 13° should be used. Calculations show that the proper dip to be 13.2456° (truncated to 13.24 that provides about 1.5 second earlier (lechumra) time) below the horizon at that time. This makes a difference of 1 minute and 10 seconds in Jerusalem during the Equinox, and 1 minute 29 seconds during the solstice as compared to the proper 13.24° versus 13°. For NY during the solstice, the difference is 1 minute 56 seconds.

getBainHasmashosRT13Point5MinutesBefore7Point083Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of bain hashmashos based on the calculation of 13.5 minutes (3/4 of an 18 minute Mil) before shkiah calculated as getTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees.

getBainHasmashosRT2Stars() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of bain hashmashos of Rabbeinu Tam calculated according to the opinion of the Divrei Yosef (see Yisrael Vehazmanim) calculated 5/18th (27.77%) of the time between alos (calculated as 19.8° before sunrise) and sunrise. This is added to sunset to arrive at the time for bain hashmashos of Rabbeinu Tam).

getBainHasmashosRT58Point5Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of Bain hashmashos of Rabbeinu Tam calculated as a 58.5 minute offset after sunset. bain hashmashos is 3/4 of a Mil before tzais or 3 1/4 Mil after sunset. With a Mil calculated as 18 minutes, 3.25 * 18 = 58.5 minutes.

getBainHasmashosYereim13Point5Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of bain hashmashos (twilight) according to the Yereim (Rabbi Eliezer of Metz) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Samuel) calculated as 13.5 minutes or 3/4 of an 18 minute Mil before sunset. According to the Yereim, bain hashmashos starts 3/4 of a Mil before sunset and tzais or nightfall starts at sunset.

getBainHasmashosYereim16Point875Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of bain hashmashos (twilight) according to the Yereim (Rabbi Eliezer of Metz) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Samuel) calculated as 16.875 minutes or 3/4 of a 22.5 minute Mil before sunset. According to the Yereim, bain hashmashos starts 3/4 of a Mil before sunset and tzais or nightfall starts at sunset.

getBainHasmashosYereim18Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of bain hashmashos (twilight) according to the Yereim (Rabbi Eliezer of Metz) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Samuel) calculated as 18 minutes or 3/4 of a 24 minute Mil before sunset. According to the Yereim, bain hashmashos starts 3/4 of a Mil before sunset and tzais or nightfall starts at sunset.

getBainHasmashosYereim2Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of bain hashmashos according to the Yereim (Rabbi Eliezer of Metz) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Samuel) calculated as the sun's position 2.1° above the horizon during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) in Yerushalayim, its position 13.5 minutes or 3/4 of an 18 minute Mil before sunset. According to the Yereim, bain hashmashos starts 3/4 of a Mil before sunset and tzais or nightfall starts at sunset.

getBainHasmashosYereim2Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of bain hashmashos (twilight) according to the Yereim (Rabbi Eliezer of Metz) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Samuel) calculated as the sun's position 2.8° above the horizon during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) in Yerushalayim, its position 16.875 minutes or 3/4 of an 18 minute Mil before sunset. According to the Yereim, bain hashmashos starts 3/4 of a Mil before sunset and tzais or nightfall starts at sunset.

getBainHasmashosYereim3Point5Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the beginning of hain hashmashos (twilight) according to the Yereim (Rabbi Eliezer of Metz) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliezer_ben_Samuel) calculated as the sun's position 3.05° above the horizon during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) in Yerushalayim, its position 18 minutes or 3/4 of an 24 minute Mil before sunset. According to the Yereim, bain hashmashos starts 3/4 of a Mil before sunset and tzais or nightfall starts at sunset.

getBeginAstronomicalTwilight() → DateTime?

A method that returns the beginning of astronomical twilight using a zenith of ASTRONOMICAL_ZENITH.

inherited

getBeginCivilTwilight() → DateTime?

A method that returns the beginning of civil twilight (dawn) using a zenith of CIVIL_ZENITH.

inherited

getBeginNauticalTwilight() → DateTime?

A method that returns the beginning of nautical twilight using a zenith of NAUTICAL_ZENITH.

inherited

getCalendar() → DateTime

returns the Calendar object encapsulated in this class.

inherited

getCandleLighting() → DateTime?

A method to return candle lighting time, calculated as getCandleLightingOffset minutes before getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset for Erev Shabat & Yom Tov, and calculated as after TZEIT HACOCHAVIM for secand Yom Tov or Erev Yom Tov after Shabat. Else This method will return null. Elevation adjustments are intentionally not performed by this method, but you can calculate it by passing the elevation adjusted sunset to getTimeOffset.

inherited

getCandleLightingOffset() → double

A method to get the offset in minutes before AstronomicalCalendar.getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset which is used in calculating candle lighting time. The default time used is 18 minutes before sea level sunset. Some calendars use 15 minutes, while the custom in Jerusalem is to use a 40 minute offset. Please check the local custom for candle lighting time.

inherited

getChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns chatzos (midday) following most opinions that chatzos is the midpoint between getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise and getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset. A day starting at alos and ending at tzais using the same time or degree offset will also return the same time. The returned value is identical to getSunTransit. In reality due to lengthening or shortening of day, this is not necessarily the exact midpoint of the day, but it is very close.

inherited

getDateFromTime(double time, bool isSunrise) → DateTime?

A method that returns a Date from the time passed in as a parameter.

inherited

getElevationAdjustedSunrise() → DateTime?

This method will return getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise if isUseElevation is false (the default), or elevation adjusted AstronomicalCalendar.getSunrise if it is true. This allows relevant zmanim in this and extending classes (such as the ComplexZmanimCalendar to automatically adjust to the elevation setting.

inherited

getElevationAdjustedSunset() → DateTime?

This method will return getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise} if isUseElevation is false (the default), or elevation adjusted AstronomicalCalendar.getSunrise if it is true. This allows relevant zmanim in this and extending classes (such as the ComplexZmanimCalendar to automatically adjust to the elevation setting.

inherited

getEndAstronomicalTwilight() → DateTime?

A method that returns the end of astronomical twilight using a zenith of ASTRONOMICAL_ZENITH.

inherited

getEndCivilTwilight() → DateTime?

A method that returns the end of civil twilight using a zenith of CIVIL_ZENITH.

inherited

getEndNauticalTwilight() → DateTime?

A method that returns the end of nautical twilight using a zenith of NAUTICAL_ZENITH.

inherited

getFixedLocalChatzos() → DateTime?

A method that returns the local time for fixed chatzos. This time is noon and midnight adjusted from standard time to account for the local latitude. The 360° of the globe divided by 24 calculates to 15° per hour with 4 minutes per degree, so at a longitude of 0 , 15, 30 etc... Chatzos is at exactly 12:00 noon. This is the time of chatzos according to the Aruch Hashulchan in Orach Chaim 233:14 and Rabbi Moshe Feinstein in Igros Moshe Orach Chaim 1:24 and 2:20. Lakewood, N.J., with a longitude of -74.2094, is 0.7906 away from the closest multiple of 15 at -75°. This is multiplied by 4 to yield 3 minutes and 10 seconds for a chatzos of 11:56:50. This method is not tied to the theoretical 15° timezones, but will adjust to the actual timezone and Daylight saving time.

getFixedLocalChatzosBasedZmanim(DateTime? startOfHalfDay, DateTime? endOfHalfDay, double hours) → DateTime?

Calculate zmanim based on Rav Moshe Feinstein as calculated in MTJ, Yeshiva of Staten Island, and Camp Yeshiva of Staten Island. The day is split in two, from alos / sunrise to fixed local chatzos, and the second half of the day, from fixed local chatzos to sunset / tzais. Morning based times are calculated based on the first 6 hours, and afternoon times based on the second half of the day.

getGeoLocation() → GeoLocation

A method that returns the currently set GeoLocation which contains location information used for the astronomical calculations.

inherited

getMidday() → DateTime?

getMidnightLastNight() → DateTime?

Used by Molad based zmanim to determine if zmanim occur during the current day. see getMoladBasedTime return previous midnight

getMidnightTonight() → DateTime?

Used by Molad based zmanim to determine if zmanim occur during the current day. see getMoladBasedTime return following midnight

getMinchaGedola([DateTime? startOfDay, DateTime? endOfDay]) → DateTime?

A generic method for calculating the latest mincha gedola (the earliest time to recite the mincha prayers) that is 6.5 * shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after the start of the day, calculated using the start and end of the day passed to this method. The time from the start of day to the end of day are divided into 12 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours), and mincha gedola is calculated as 6.5 of those shaos zmaniyos after the beginning of the day. As an example, passing getSunrise sunrise and getSunset sunset or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise and getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting) to this method will return mincha gedola according to the opinion of the GRA.

inherited

getMinchaGedola16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha gedola according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting and ending 16.1° below the horizon. This is the earliest time to pray mincha. For more information on this see the documentation on getMinchaGedola mincha gedola. This is calculated as 6.5 getTemporalHour solar hours after alos. The calculation used is 6.5 * getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees after getAlos16Point1Degrees alos.

getMinchaGedola30Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns mincha gedola calculated as 30 minutes after getChatzos chatzos and not 1/2 of a getShaahZmanisGra shaah zmanis after getChatzos chatzos as calculated by [getMinchaGedola. Some use this time to delay the start of mincha in the winter when 1/2 of a getShaahZmanisGra shaah zmanis is less than 30 minutes. See getMinchaGedolaGreaterThan30for a convenience method that returns the later of the 2 calculations. One should not use this time to start mincha before the standard getMinchaGedola mincha gedola. See Shulchan Aruch Orach Chayim Siman Raish Lamed Gimel seif alef and the Shaar Hatziyon seif katan ches. todo Add hyperlinks to documentation.

getMinchaGedola72Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha gedola according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting 72 minutes before sunrise and ending 72 minutes after sunset. This is the earliest time to pray mincha. For more information on this see the documentation on getMinchaGedola mincha gedola. This is calculated as 6.5 getTemporalHour solar hours after alos. The calculation used is 6.5 * getShaahZmanis72Minutes after getAlos72 alos.

getMinchaGedolaAteretTorah() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha gedola based on the calculation of Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah, that the day starts getAlos72Zmanis 1/10th of the day before sunrise and is usually calculated as ending getTzaisAteretTorah 40 minutes after sunset (configurable to any offset via [setAteretTorahSunsetOffset(double)). This is the preferred earliest time to pray mincha according to the opinion of the Rambam and others. For more information on this see the documentation on getMinchaGedola mincha gedola. This is calculated as 6.5 getShaahZmanisAteretTorah solar hours after alos. The calculation used is 6.5 * getShaahZmanisAteretTorah after getAlos72Zmanis alos.

getMinchaGedolaBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha gedola. Mincha gedola is the earliest time one can pray mincha. The Rambam is of the opinion that it is better to delay mincha until getMinchaKetanaBaalHatanya mincha ketana while the Ra"sh, Tur, GRA and others are of the opinion that mincha can be prayed lechatchila starting at mincha gedola. This is calculated as 6.5 getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya sea level solar hours after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise). This calculation is based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 6.5 * getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti ("real" sunrise).

getMinchaGedolaBaalHatanyaGreaterThan30() → DateTime?

This is a convenience method that returns the later of getMinchaGedolaBaalHatanya and getMinchaGedola30Minutes. In the winter when 1/2 of a getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya shaah zmanis is less than 30 minutes getMinchaGedola30Minutes will be returned, otherwise getMinchaGedolaBaalHatanya will be returned.

getMinchaGedolaGRAFixedLocalChatzos30Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the calculation of mincha gedola,the earliest time one can pray mincha _GRA_that is 30 minutes aftergetFixedLocalChatzos.

getMinchaGedolaGreaterThan30() → DateTime?

This is a convenience method that returns the later of getMinchaGedola and getMinchaGedola30Minutes. In the winter when 1/2 of a getShaahZmanisGra shaah zmanis is less than 30 minutes getMinchaGedola30Minutes will be returned, otherwise getMinchaGedola will be returned.

getMinchaKetana([DateTime? startOfDay, DateTime? endOfDay]) → DateTime?

A generic method for calculating mincha ketana, (the preferred time to recite the mincha prayers in the opinion of the Rambam and others) that is 9.5 * shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after the start of the day, calculated using the start and end of the day passed to this method. The time from the start of day to the end of day are divided into 12 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours), and mincha ketana is calculated as 9.5 of those shaos zmaniyos after the beginning of the day. As an example, passing getSunrise sunrise and getSunset sunset or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise and getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting) to this method will return mincha ketana according to the opinion of the GRA.

inherited

getMinchaKetana16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha ketana according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting and ending 16.1° below the horizon. This is the preferred earliest time to pray mincha according to the opinion of the Rambam and others. For more information on this see the documentation on getMinchaGedola mincha gedola. This is calculated as 9.5 getTemporalHour solar hours after alos. The calculation used is 9.5 * getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees after getAlos16Point1Degrees alos.

getMinchaKetana72Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha ketana according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting 72 minutes before sunrise and ending 72 minutes after sunset. This is the preferred earliest time to pray mincha according to the opinion of the Rambam and others. For more information on this see the documentation on getMinchaGedola mincha gedola. This is calculated as 9.5 getShaahZmanis72Minutes after alos. The calculation used is 9.5 * getShaahZmanis72Minutes after getAlos72 alos.

getMinchaKetanaAteretTorah() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha ketana based on the calculation of Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah, that the day starts getAlos72Zmanis 1/10th of the day before sunrise and is usually calculated as ending getTzaisAteretTorah 40 minutes after sunset (configurable to any offset via [setAteretTorahSunsetOffset(double)). This is the preferred earliest time to pray mincha according to the opinion of the Rambam and others. For more information on this see the documentation on getMinchaGedola mincha gedola. This is calculated as 9.5 getShaahZmanisAteretTorah solar hours after getAlos72Zmanis alos. The calculation used is 9.5 * getShaahZmanisAteretTorah after getAlos72Zmanis alos.

getMinchaKetanaBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of mincha ketana. This is the preferred earliest time to pray mincha in the opinion of the Rambam and others. For more information on this see the documentation on getMinchaGedolaBaalHatanya mincha gedola. This is calculated as 9.5 getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya sea level solar hours after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise). This calculation is calculated based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 9.5 * getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise).

getMinchaKetanaGRAFixedLocalChatzosToSunset() → DateTime?

This method returns returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the calculation of mincha ketana (the preferred time to recite the mincha prayers according to the opinion of the Rambam and others) calculated according to the _GRA_that is 3.5 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getFixedLocalChatzos.

getMisheyakir10Point2Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns misheyakir based on the position of the sun when it is ZENITH_10_POINT_2 10.2° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 45 minutes before [getSunrise sunrise in Jerusalem during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) which calculates to 10.2° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

getMisheyakir11Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns misheyakir based on the position of the sun when it is ZENITH_11_DEGREES 11° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 48 minutes before [getSunrise sunrise in Jerusalem during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) which calculates to 11° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

getMisheyakir11Point5Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns misheyakir based on the position of the sun when it is ZENITH_11_DEGREES 11.5° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 52 minutes before [getSunrise sunrise in Jerusalem during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) which calculates to 11.5° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

getMisheyakir7Point65Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns misheyakir based on the position of the sun when it is ZENITH_7_POINT_65 7.65° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). The degrees are based on a 35/36 minute zman during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) when the neshef (twilight) is the shortest. This time is based on Rabbi Moshe Feinstein who writes in Ohr Hachaim Vol. 4, Ch. 6 that misheyakir in New York is 35-40 minutes before sunset, something that is a drop less than 8°. Rabbi Yisroel Taplin in Zmanei Yisrael (page 117) notes that Rabbi Yaakov Kamenetsky stated that it is not less than 36 minutes before sunrise (maybe it is 40 minutes). Sefer Yisrael Vehazmanim (p. 7) quotes the Tamar Yifrach in the name of the Satmar Rov that one should be stringent not consider misheyakir before 36 minutes. This is also the accepted minhag in Lakewood that is used in the Yeshiva. This follows the opinion of Rabbi Shmuel Kamenetsky who provided the time of 35/36 minutes, but did not provide a degree based time. Since this zman depends on the level of light, Rabbi Yaakov Shakow presented this degree based calculations to Rabbi Kamenetsky who agreed to them.

getMisheyakir9Point5Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns misheyakir based on the position of the sun when it is ZENITH_9_POINT_5 9.5° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is based on Rabbi Dovid Kronglass's Calculation of 45 minutes in Baltimore as mentioned in <a href= Divrei Chachamim No. 24 brought down by the Birur Halacha, Tinyana, Ch. 18. This calculates to 9.5°. Also see Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchok Neiman in Kovetz Eitz Chaim Vol. 9, p. 202 that the Vyaan Yosef did not want to rely on times earlier than 45 minutes in New York. This zman is also used in the calendars published by Rabbi Hershel Edelstein. As mentioned in the Yisroel Vehazmanim, Rabbi Edelstein who was given the 45 minute zman by Rabbi Bick. The calendars published by the Edot Hamizrach communities also use this zman. This also follows the opinion of Rabbi Shmuel Kamenetsky who provided the time of 36 and 45 minutes, but did not provide a degree based time. Since this zman depends on the level of light, Rabbi Yaakov Shakow presented these degree based times to Rabbi Shmuel Kamenetsky who agreed to them. /// return the DateTime of misheyakir. If the calculation can't be computed such as northern and southern locations even south of the Arctic Circle and north of the Antarctic Circle where the sun may not reach low enough below the horizon for this calculation, a null will be returned. See detailed explanation on top of the AstronomicalCalendar documentation. /// see ZENITH_9_POINT_5 see getMisheyakir7Point65Degrees

getMoladBasedTime(DateTime moladBasedTime, DateTime? alos, DateTime? tzais, bool techila) → DateTime?

Returns the Date of the molad based time if it occurs on the current date. Since Kiddush Levana can only be said during the day, there are parameters to limit it to between alos and tzais. If the time occurs between alos and tzais, tzais will be returned

getPlagAlos16Point1ToTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos16Point1Degrees alos 16.1° and ends at getTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees tzais. 10.75 shaos zmaniyos are calculated based on this day and added to getAlos16Point1Degrees alos to reach this time. This time is 10.75 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn based on the opinion that the day is calculated from a getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn of 16.1 degrees before sunrise to getTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees tzais . This returns the time of 10.75 * the calculated shaah zmanis after getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn.

getPlagAlosToSunset() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos16Point1Degrees alos 16.1° and ends at getSunset sunset. 10.75 shaos zmaniyos are calculated based on this day and added to getAlos16Point1Degrees alos to reach this time. This time is 10.75 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn based on the opinion that the day is calculated from a getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn of 16.1 degrees before sunrise to getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset. This returns the time of 10.75 * the calculated shaah zmanis after getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn.

getPlagHamincha([DateTime? startOfDay, DateTime? endOfDay]) → DateTime?

A generic method for calculating plag hamincha (the earliest time that Shabbos can be started) that is 10.75 hours after the start of the day, (or 1.25 hours before the end of the day) based on the start and end of the day passed to the method. The time from the start of day to the end of day are divided into 12 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours), and plag hamincha is calculated as 10.75 of those shaos zmaniyos after the beginning of the day. As an example, passing getSunrise sunrise and getSunset sunset or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise and getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting) to this method will return plag mincha according to the opinion of the GRA.

inherited

getPlagHamincha120Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting 120 minutes before sunrise and ending 120 minutes after sunset. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos120 dawn 120 minutes. The formula used is 10.75 getShaahZmanis120Minutes after getAlos120.

getPlagHamincha120MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on sunrise being 120 minutes zmaniyos or 1/6th of the day before sunrise. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos120Zmanis dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis120MinutesZmanis after getAlos120Zmanis dawn.

getPlagHamincha16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos16Point1Degrees alos 16.1° and ends at getTzais16Point1Degrees tzais 16.1°. This is calculated as 10.75 hours zmaniyos after getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees after getAlos16Point1Degrees.

getPlagHamincha18Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos18Degrees alos 18° and ends at getTzais18Degrees tzais 18° . This is calculated as 10.75 hours zmaniyos after getAlos18Degrees dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis18Degrees after getAlos18Degrees.

getPlagHamincha19Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos19Point8Degrees alos 19.8° and ends at getTzais19Point8Degrees tzais 19.8°. This is calculated as 10.75 hours zmaniyos after getAlos19Point8Degrees dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis19Point8Degrees after getAlos19Point8Degrees.

getPlagHamincha26Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos26Degrees alos 26° and ends at getTzais26Degrees tzais 26° . This is calculated as 10.75 hours zmaniyos after getAlos26Degrees dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis26Degrees after getAlos26Degrees.

getPlagHamincha60Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting 60 minutes before sunrise and ending 60 minutes after sunset. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos60 dawn. The formula used is 10.75 getShaahZmanis60Minutes after getAlos60.

getPlagHamincha72Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting 72 minutes before sunrise and ending 72 minutes after sunset. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos72 dawn. The formula used is 10.75 getShaahZmanis72Minutes after getAlos72.

getPlagHamincha72MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos72Zmanis dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis72MinutesZmanis after getAlos72Zmanis dawn.

getPlagHamincha90Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting 90 minutes before sunrise and ending 90 minutes after sunset. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos90 dawn. The formula used is 10.75 getShaahZmanis90Minutes after getAlos90.

getPlagHamincha90MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos90Zmanis dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis90MinutesZmanis after getAlos90Zmanis dawn.

getPlagHamincha96Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha according to the Magen Avraham with the day starting 96 minutes before sunrise and ending 96 minutes after sunset. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos96 dawn. The formula used is 10.75 getShaahZmanis96Minutes after getAlos96.

getPlagHamincha96MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after getAlos96Zmanis dawn. The formula used is 10.75 * getShaahZmanis96MinutesZmanis after getAlos96Zmanis dawn.

getPlagHaminchaAteretTorah() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha based on the calculation of Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah, that the day starts getAlos72Zmanis 1/10th of the day before sunrise and is usually calculated as ending getTzaisAteretTorah 40 minutes after sunset (configurable to any offset via [setAteretTorahSunsetOffset(double)). shaos zmaniyos are calculated based on this day and added to getAlos72Zmanis alos to reach this time. This time is 10.75 getShaahZmanisAteretTorah shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after getAlos72Zmanis dawn.

getPlagHaminchaBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

This method returns the time of plag hamincha. This is calculated as 10.75 hours after sunrise. This calculation is based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 10.75 * getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise).

getPlagHaminchaGRAFixedLocalChatzosToSunset() → DateTime?

This method returns returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the calculation of This method returns plag hamincha calculated according to the _GRA_that is 4.75 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getFixedLocalChatzos.

getSeaLevelSunrise() → DateTime?

A method that returns the sunrise without AstronomicalCalculator.getElevationAdjustment. Non-sunrise and sunset calculations such as dawn and dusk, depend on the amount of visible light, something that is not affected by elevation. This method returns sunrise calculated at sea level. This forms the base for dawn calculations that are calculated as a dip below the horizon before sunrise.

inherited

getSeaLevelSunset() → DateTime?

A method that returns the sunset without AstronomicalCalculator.getElevationAdjustment. Non-sunrise and sunset calculations such as dawn and dusk, depend on the amount of visible light, something that is not affected by elevation. This method returns sunset calculated at sea level. This forms the base for dusk calculations that are calculated as a dip below the horizon after sunset.

inherited

getShaahZmanis120Minutes() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) calculated using a dip of 120 minutes. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avraham_Gombinern that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 120 minutes before sunrise and dusk is 120 minutes after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis.

getShaahZmanis120MinutesZmanis() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avraham_Gombinern) based on alos being getAlos120Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the MGA that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 120 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise and dusk is 120 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. This is identical to 1/6th of the day from getSunrise to getSunset.

getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) calculated using a dip of 16.1°. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is when the sun is 16.1° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise and dusk is when the sun is 16.1° below the western geometric horizon after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis.

getShaahZmanis18Degrees() → double

the day based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is when the sun is 18° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise. Dusk for this is when the sun is 18° below the western geometric horizon after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis.

getShaahZmanis19Point8Degrees() → double

divides the day based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is when the sun is 19.8° below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise. Dusk for this is when the sun is 19.8° below the western geometric horizon after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis.

getShaahZmanis26Degrees() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) calculated using a dip of 26°. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is when the sun is getAlos26Degrees below the eastern geometric horizon before sunrise. Dusk for this is when the sun is getTzais26Degrees below the western geometric horizon after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis.

getShaahZmanis60Minutes() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (solar hour) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avraham_Gombinern). This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the MGA that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 60 minutes before sunrise and dusk is 60 minutes after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. Alternate methods of calculating a shaah zmanis are available in the subclass ComplexZmanimCalendar

getShaahZmanis72Minutes() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (solar hour) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA). This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the MGA that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 72 minutes before sunrise and dusk is 72 minutes after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. Alternate methods of calculating a shaah zmanis are available in the subclass ComplexZmanimCalendar

getShaahZmanis72MinutesZmanis() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) according to the opinion of the alos being getAlos72Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the MGA that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 72 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise and dusk is 72 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. This is identical to 1/10th of the day from getSunrise to getSunset.

getShaahZmanis90Minutes() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) calculated using a dip of 90 minutes. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 90 minutes before sunrise and dusk is 90 minutes after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis.

getShaahZmanis90MinutesZmanis() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avraham_Gombinern) based on alos being getAlos90Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the MGA that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 90 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise and dusk is 90 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. This is identical to 1/8th of the day from getSunrise to getSunset.

getShaahZmanis96Minutes() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) calculated using a dip of 96 minutes. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 96 minutes before sunrise and dusk is 96 minutes after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis.

getShaahZmanis96MinutesZmanis() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avraham_Gombinern) based on alos being getAlos96Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the MGA that the day runs from dawn to dusk. Dawn for this calculation is 96 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise and dusk is 96 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. This is identical to 1/7.5th of the day from getSunrise to getSunset.

getShaahZmanisAteretTorah() → double

Method to return a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) according to the opinion of the Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah calculated with alos being 1/10th of sunrise to sunset day, or getAlos72Zmanis 72 minutes zmaniyos of such a day before getSunrise sunrise, and tzais is usually calculated as getTzaisAteretTorah 40 minutes (configurable to any offset via setAteretTorahSunsetOffset) after getSunset] sunset. This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. Note that with this system, chatzos (mid-day) will not be the point that the sun is getSunTransit halfway across the sky.

getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya() → double

A method that returns the Baal Hatanya's a shaah zmanis (getTemporalHour temporal hour). This forms the base for the Baal Hatanya's day based calculations that are calculated as a 1.583° dip below the horizon after sunset.

getShaahZmanisBasedZman(DateTime startOfDay, DateTime endOfDay, double hours) → DateTime?

A generic utility method for calculating any shaah zmanis (temporal hour) based zman with the day defined as the start and end of day (or night) and the number of shaahos zmaniyos passed to the method. This simplifies the code in other methods such as getPlagHamincha and cuts down on code replication. As an example, passing getSunrise and getSunset or {@link #getSeaLevelSunrise() sea level sunrise} and getSeaLevelSunset (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting) and 10.75 hours to this method will return plag mincha according to the opinion of the GRA.

inherited

getShaahZmanisGra() → double

A method that returns a shaah zmanis (getTemporalHour temporal hour) according to the opinion of the GRA. This calculation divides the day based on the opinion of the GRA that the day runs from from getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation setting). The day is split into 12 equal parts with each one being a shaah zmanis. This method is similar to getTemporalHour, but can account for elevation.

inherited

getShaahZmanisMGA() → double

A method that returns a shaah zmanis (temporal hour) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on a 72 minutes alos and tzais. This calculation divides the day that runs from dawn to dusk (for sof zman krias shema and tfila). Dawn for this calculation is 72 minutes before getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting) and dusk is 72 minutes after getSunset sunset or getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting). This day is split into 12 equal parts with each part being a shaah zmanis. Alternate methods of calculating a shaah zmanis according to the Magen Avraham (MGA) are available in the subclass ComplexZmanimCalendar.

inherited

getShabbosExitTime() → DateTime

A method that return time of Shabbos exit in this week

getShabbosStartTime() → DateTime

A method that return Shabbos entry date of this week

getSofZmanAchilasChametzBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time one is allowed eating chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the Baal Hatanya. This time is identical to the getSofZmanTfilaBaalHatanya Sof zman tfilah Baal Hatanya. This time is 4 hours into the day based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 4 * getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise).

getSofZmanAchilasChametzGRA() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time one is allowed eating chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the GRA. This time is identical to the getSofZmanTfilaGRA Sof zman tfilah GRA and is provided as a convenience method for those who are unaware how this zman is calculated. This time is 4 hours into the day based on the opinion of the GRA that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 4 * getShaahZmanisGra after getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise.

getSofZmanAchilasChametzMGA16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time one is allowed eating chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos16Point1Degrees before getSunrise. This time is 4 {@link #getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees() shaos zmaniyos} (solar hours) after getAlos16Point1Degrees based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 16.1° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 4 getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees after getAlos16Point1Degrees.

getSofZmanAchilasChametzMGA72Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time one is allowed eating chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos72 minutes before getSunrise. This time is identical to the getSofZmanTfilaMGA72Minutes. This time is 4 getShaahZmanisMGA (temporal hours) after getAlos72 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos72 of 72 minutes before sunrise to getTzais72 of 72 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanisMGA after getAlos72. return the DateTime of the latest time of eating chametz. If the calculation can't be computed such as in the Arctic Circle where there is at least one day a year where the sun does not rise, and one where it does not set), a null will be returned. See detailed explanation on top of the AstronomicalCalendar documentation. see getShaahZmanisMGA see getAlos72 see getSofZmanTfilaMGA72Minutes

getSofZmanBiurChametzBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time for burning chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the Baal Hatanya. This time is 5 hours into the day based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 5 * getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise).

getSofZmanBiurChametzGRA() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time for burning chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the GRA This time is 5 hours into the day based on the opinion of the GRA that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 5 * getShaahZmanisGra after getSeaLevelSunrise.

getSofZmanBiurChametzMGA16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time for burning chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos16Point1Degrees before getSunrise. This time is 5 getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees (solar hours) after getAlos16Point1Degrees based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 16.1° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 5 getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees after getAlos16Point1Degrees.

getSofZmanBiurChametzMGA72Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest time for burning chametz on Erev Pesach according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos72 minutes before getSunrise. This time is 5 {@link #getShaahZmanisMGA() shaos zmaniyos} (temporal hours) after getAlos72 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos72 of 72 minutes before sunrise to {@link #getTzais72() nightfall} of 72 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 5 * getShaahZmanisMGA after getAlos72.

getSofZmanKidushLevana15Days([DateTime? alos, DateTime? tzais]) → DateTime?

Returns the latest time of Kiddush Levana calculated as 15 days after the molad. This is the opinion brought down in the Shulchan Aruch (Orach Chaim 426). It should be noted that some opinions hold that the Rema who brings down the opinion of the <a Maharil's of calculating getSofZmanKidushLevanaBetweenMoldos is of the opinion that the Mechaber agrees to his opinion. Also see the Aruch Hashulchan. For additional details on the subject, see Rabbi Dovid Heber's very detailed write-up in Siman Daled (chapter 4) of Shaarei Zmanim. If the time of sof zman Kiddush Levana occurs during the day (between the alos and tzais passed in as parameters), it returns the alos passed in. If a null alos or tzais are passed to this method, the non-daytime adjusted time will be returned. /// alos the beginning of the Jewish day. If Kidush Levana occurs during the day (starting at alos and ending at tzais), the time returned will be alos. If either the alos or tzais parameters are null, no daytime adjustment will be made. tzais the end of the Jewish day. If Kidush Levana occurs during the day (starting at alos and ending at tzais), the time returned will be alos. If either the alos or tzais parameters are null, no daytime adjustment will be made. /// return the Date representing the moment 15 days after the molad. If the time occurs between alos and tzais, alos will be returned /// see getSofZmanKidushLevanaBetweenMoldos see JewishCalendar.getSofZmanKidushLevana15Days

getSofZmanKidushLevanaBetweenMoldos([DateTime? alos, DateTime? tzais]) → DateTime?

Returns the latest time of Kidush Levana according to the <a Maharil's opinion that it is calculated as halfway between molad and molad. This adds half the 29 days, 12 hours and 793 chalakim time between molad and molad (14 days, 18 hours, 22 minutes and 666 milliseconds) to the month's molad. The sof zman Kiddush Levana will be returned even if it occurs during the day. To limit the time to between tzais and alos, see getSofZmanKidushLevanaBetweenMoldos. /// alos the beginning of the Jewish day. If Kidush Levana occurs during the day (starting at alos and ending at tzais), the time returned will be alos. If either the alos or tzais parameters are null, no daytime adjustment will be made. tzais the end of the Jewish day. If Kidush Levana occurs during the day (starting at alos and ending at tzais), the time returned will be alos. If either the alos or tzais parameters are null, no daytime adjustment will be made. return the Date representing the moment halfway between molad and molad. If the time occurs between alos and tzais, alos will be returned see getSofZmanKidushLevanaBetweenMoldos see [getSofZmanKidushLevana15Days(Date, Date) see JewishCalendar.getSofZmanKidushLevanaBetweenMoldos

getSofZmanShma(DateTime? startOfDay, DateTime? endOfDay) → DateTime?

A generic method for calculating the latest zman krias shema (time to recite shema in the morning) that is 3 * shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after the start of the day, calculated using the start and end of the day passed to this method. The time from the start of day to the end of day are divided into 12 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours), and the latest zman krias shema is calculated as 3 of those shaos zmaniyos after the beginning of the day. As an example, passing getSunrise and getSunset or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise and getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting) to this method will return sof zman krias shema according to the opinion of the GRA.

inherited

getSofZmanShma3HoursBeforeChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) calculated as 3 hours (regular and not zmaniyos) before ZmanimCalendar.getChatzos. This is the opinion of the Shach in the Nekudas Hakesef (Yora Deah 184), Shevus Yaakov, Chasan Sofer and others. This returns the time of 3 hours before ZmanimCalendar.getChatzos. todo Add hyperlinks to documentation

getSofZmanShmaAlos16Point1ToSunset() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos16Point1Degrees and ends at getSeaLevelSunset. This is the opinion of the \u05D7\u05D9\u05D3\u05D5\u05E9\u05D9 \u05D5\u05DB\u05DC\u05DC\u05D5\u05EA \u05D4\u05E8\u05D6\u05F4\u05D4 and the \u05DE\u05E0\u05D5\u05E8\u05D4 \u05D4\u05D8\u05D4\u05D5\u05E8\u05D4 as mentioned by Yisrael Vehazmanim vol 1, sec. 7, ch. 3 no. 16. Three shaos zmaniyos are calculated based on this day and added to {@link #getAlos16Point1Degrees() alos} to reach this time. This time is 3 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos16Point1Degrees based on the opinion that the day is calculated from a {@link #getAlos16Point1Degrees() alos 16.1°} to getSeaLevelSunset. Note: Based on this calculation chatzos will not be at midday.

getSofZmanShmaAlos16Point1ToTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) based on the opinion that the day starts at getAlos16Point1Degrees alos 16.1° and ends at _ getTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees tzais 7.083°_. 3 shaos zmaniyos are calculated based on this day and added to getAlos16Point1Degrees alos to reach this time. This time is 3 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after getAlos16Point1Degrees alos 16.1° based on the opinion that the day is calculated from a getAlos16Point1Degrees alos 16.1° to getTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees tzais 7.083°. **Note: ** Based on this calculation chatzos will not be at midday.

getSofZmanShmaAteretTorah() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) based on the calculation of Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah, that the day starts getAlos72Zmanis 1/10th of the day before sunrise and is usually calculated as ending getTzaisAteretTorah 40 minutes after sunset (configurable to any offset via setAteretTorahSunsetOffset). shaos zmaniyos are calculated based on this day and added to getAlos72Zmanis alos to reach this time. This time is 3 _ getShaahZmanisAteretTorah shaos zmaniyos_ (temporal hours) after getAlos72Zmanis alos 72 zmaniyos_. **Note: ** Based on this calculation chatzos will not be at midday.

getSofZmanShmaBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning). This time is 3 getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise) based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 3 * getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise).

getSofZmanShmaFixedLocal() → DateTime?

A method that returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) calculated as 3 hours before getFixedLocalChatzos.

getSofZmanShmaGRA() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite shema in the morning) that is 3 * getShaahZmanisGra shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the isUseElevation setting), according to the GRA. The day is calculated from getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation setting).

inherited

getSofZmanShmaGRASunriseToFixedLocalChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the claculation of sof zman krias shema (latest time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the GRA that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset, but calculated using the first half of the day only. The half a day starts at getSunrise and ends at getFixedLocalChatzos. Sof Zman Shema is 3 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after sunrise or half of this half-day.

getSofZmanShmaKolEliyahu() → DateTime?

From the GRA in Kol Eliyahu on Berachos #173 that states that zman krias shema is calculated as half the time from getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getFixedLocalChatzos fixed local chatzos. The GRA himself seems to contradict this when he stated that zman krias shema is 1/4 of the day from sunrise to sunset. See Sarah Lamoed #25 in Yisroel Vehazmanim Vol. III page 1016.

getSofZmanShmaMGA() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite shema in the morning) that is 3 * getShaahZmanisMGA shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos72, according to the Magen Avraham (MGA). The day is calculated from 72 minutes before getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise} to 72 minutes after getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or from 72 minutes before getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation setting).

inherited

getSofZmanShmaMGA120Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos120 minutes or 1/6th of the day before getSunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis120Minutes (solar hours) after getAlos120 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos120 of 120 minutes before sunrise to getTzais120 of 120 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 3 getShaahZmanis120Minutes after getAlos120.

getSofZmanShmaMGA16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos16Point1Degrees 16.1° before getSunrise sunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 16.1° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 3 * getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees after getAlos16Point1Degrees dawn.

getSofZmanShmaMGA16Point1DegreesToFixedLocalChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the claculation of sof zman krias shema (latest time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall, but calculated using the first half of the day only. The half a day starts at alos defined as getAlos16Point1Degrees and ends at getFixedLocalChatzos. Sof Zman Shema is 3 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after this alos or half of this half-day.

getSofZmanShmaMGA18Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos18Degrees 18° before getSunrise sunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis18Degrees shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos18Degrees dawn based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 18° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 3 * getShaahZmanis18Degrees after getAlos18Degrees dawn.

getSofZmanShmaMGA18DegreesToFixedLocalChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the claculation of sof zman krias shema (latest time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall, but calculated using the first half of the day only. The half a day starts at alos defined as getAlos18Degrees and ends at getFixedLocalChatzos. Sof Zman Shema is 3 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after alos or half of this half-day.

getSofZmanShmaMGA19Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos19Point8Degrees 19.8° before getSunrise sunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis19Point8Degrees shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos19Point8Degrees dawn based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 19.8° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 3 * getShaahZmanis19Point8Degrees after getAlos19Point8Degrees dawn.

getSofZmanShmaMGA72Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos72 minutes before getSunrise. This time is 3 {@link #getShaahZmanis72Minutes() shaos zmaniyos} (solar hours) after getAlos72 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos72 of 72 minutes before sunrise to getTzais72 of 72 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 3 * {@link #getShaahZmanis72Minutes()} after getAlos72. This class returns an identical time to {@link #getSofZmanShmaMGA()} and is repeated here for clarity.

getSofZmanShmaMGA72MinutesToFixedLocalChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the claculation of sof zman krias shema (latest time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall, but calculated using the first half of the day only. The half a day starts at alos defined as getAlos72 and ends at getFixedLocalChatzos. Sof Zman Shema is 3 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after this alos or half of this half-day.

getSofZmanShmaMGA72MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos72Zmanis 72 minutes zmaniyos, or 1/10th of the day before getSunrise sunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis90MinutesZmanis shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos72Zmanis dawn based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos72Zmanis dawn of 72 minutes zmaniyos, or 1/10th of the day before getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getTzais72Zmanis nightfall of 72 minutes zmaniyos after getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset. This returns the time of 3 * getShaahZmanis72MinutesZmanis after getAlos72Zmanis dawn.

getSofZmanShmaMGA90Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos90 90 minutes before getSunrise sunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis90Minutes shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos90 dawn based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos90 dawn of 90 minutes before sunrise to getTzais90 nightfall of 90 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 3 * getShaahZmanis90Minutes after getAlos90 dawn.

getSofZmanShmaMGA90MinutesToFixedLocalChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the claculation of sof zman krias shema (latest time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall, but calculated using the first half of the day only. The half a day starts at alos defined as getAlos90 and ends at getFixedLocalChatzos. Sof Zman Shema is 3 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after this alos or half of this half-day.

getSofZmanShmaMGA90MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos90Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis90MinutesZmanis (solar hours) after getAlos90Zmanis based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a {@link #getAlos90Zmanis() dawn} of 90 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise to getTzais90Zmanis of 90 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This returns the time of 3 * getShaahZmanis90MinutesZmanis after getAlos90Zmanis.

getSofZmanShmaMGA96Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos96 minutes before getSunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis96Minutes (solar hours) after getAlos96 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos96 of 96 minutes before sunrise to getTzais96 of 96 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 3 * {@link #getShaahZmanis96Minutes()} after getAlos96.

getSofZmanShmaMGA96MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman krias shema (time to recite Shema in the morning) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos90Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This time is 3 getShaahZmanis96MinutesZmanis (solar hours) after getAlos96Zmanis based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a {@link #getAlos96Zmanis() dawn} of 96 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise to getTzais90Zmanis of 96 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This returns the time of 3 * getShaahZmanis96MinutesZmanis after getAlos96Zmanis.

getSofZmanTfila(DateTime? startOfDay, DateTime? endOfDay) → DateTime?

A generic method for calculating the latest zman tfilah (time to recite the morning prayers) that is 4 * shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after the start of the day, calculated using the start and end of the day passed to this method. The time from the start of day to the end of day are divided into 12 shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours), and sof zman tfila is calculated as 4 of those shaos zmaniyos after the beginning of the day. As an example, passing getSunrise sunrise and getSunset sunset or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise and getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset (depending on the isUseElevation elevation setting) to this method will return zman tfilah according to the opinion of the GRA.

inherited

getSofZmanTfila2HoursBeforeChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) calculated as 2 hours before ZmanimCalendar.getChatzos. This is based on the opinions that calculate sof zman krias shema as getSofZmanShma3HoursBeforeChatzos. This returns the time of 2 hours before ZmanimCalendar.getChatzos.

getSofZmanTfilaBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfilah (time to recite the morning prayers). This time is 4 hours into the day based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset. This returns the time 4 * getShaahZmanisBaalHatanya after getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise).

getSofZmanTfilaFixedLocal() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) calculated as 2 hours before getFixedLocalChatzos.

getSofZmanTfilaGRA() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite shema in the morning) that is 4 * getShaahZmanisGra shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getSunrise sunrise or getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise (depending on the isUseElevation setting), according to the GRA. The day is calculated from getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation setting).

inherited

getSofZmanTfilaGRASunriseToFixedLocalChatzos() → DateTime?

This method returns Rav Moshe Feinstein's opinion of the claculation of sof zman tfila (zman tfilah (the latest time to recite the morning prayers)) according to the opinion of the GRA that the day is calculated from sunrise to sunset, but calculated using the first half of the day only. The half a day starts at getSunrise and ends at getFixedLocalChatzos. Sof zman tefila is 4 shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after sunrise or 2/3 of this half-day.

getSofZmanTfilahAteretTorah() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) based on the calculation of Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah, that the day starts getAlos72Zmanis 1/10th of the day before sunrise and is usually calculated as ending getTzaisAteretTorah 40 minutes after sunset (configurable to any offset via [setAteretTorahSunsetOffset(double)). shaos zmaniyos are calculated based on this day and added to getAlos72Zmanis alos to reach this time. This time is 4 * getShaahZmanisAteretTorah shaos zmaniyos (temporal hours) after getAlos72Zmanis alos 72 zmaniyos. **Note: ** Based on this calculation chatzos will not be at midday.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite shema in the morning) that is 4 * getShaahZmanisMGA] shaos zmaniyos (solar hours) after getAlos72 according to the Magen Avraham (MGA). The day is calculated from 72 minutes before getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunrise to 72 minutes after getSeaLevelSunrise sea level sunset or from 72 minutes before getSunrise sunrise to getSunset sunset (depending on the isUseElevation setting).

inherited

getSofZmanTfilaMGA120Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos120 minutes before getSunrise . This time is 4 getShaahZmanis120Minutes (solar hours) after getAlos120 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos120 of 120 minutes before sunrise to getTzais120 of 120 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis120Minutes after getAlos120.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos16Point1Degrees before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees (solar hours) after {@link #getAlos16Point1Degrees() dawn} based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 16.1° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 4 * {@link #getShaahZmanis16Point1Degrees()} after getAlos16Point1Degrees.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA18Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos18Degrees before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis18Degrees (solar hours) after getAlos18Degrees based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 18° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis18Degrees after getAlos18Degrees.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA19Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos19Point8Degrees before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis19Point8Degrees (solar hours) after {@link #getAlos19Point8Degrees() dawn} based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from dawn to nightfall with both being 19.8° below sunrise or sunset. This returns the time of 4 * {@link #getShaahZmanis19Point8Degrees()} after getAlos19Point8Degrees.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA72Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos72 minutes before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis72Minutes (solar hours) after getAlos72 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos72 of 72 minutes before sunrise to getTzais72 of 72 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis72Minutes after getAlos72. This class returns an identical time to getSofZmanTfilaMGA and is repeated here for clarity.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA72MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos72Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis72MinutesZmanis (solar hours) after getAlos72Zmanis based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos72Zmanis of 72 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise to getTzais72Zmanis of 72 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis72MinutesZmanis after getAlos72Zmanis.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA90Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos90 minutes before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis90Minutes (solar hours) after getAlos90 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos90 of 90 minutes before sunrise to getTzais90 of 90 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis90Minutes after getAlos90.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA90MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos90Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis90MinutesZmanis (solar hours) after getAlos90Zmanis based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos90Zmanis of 90 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise to getTzais90Zmanis of 90 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis90MinutesZmanis after getAlos90Zmanis.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA96Minutes() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to recite the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos96 minutes before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis96Minutes (solar hours) after getAlos96 based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos96 of 96 minutes before sunrise to getTzais96 of 96 minutes after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis96Minutes after getAlos96.

getSofZmanTfilaMGA96MinutesZmanis() → DateTime?

This method returns the latest zman tfila (time to the morning prayers) according to the opinion of the Magen Avraham (MGA) based on alos being getAlos96Zmanis minutes zmaniyos before getSunrise. This time is 4 getShaahZmanis96MinutesZmanis (solar hours) after getAlos96Zmanis based on the opinion of the MGA that the day is calculated from a getAlos96Zmanis of 96 minutes zmaniyos before sunrise to getTzais96Zmanis of 96 minutes zmaniyos after sunset. This returns the time of 4 * getShaahZmanis96MinutesZmanis after getAlos96Zmanis.

getSolarMidnight() → DateTime?

A method that returns "solar" midnight, or the time when the sun is at its nadir. Note: this method is experimental and might be removed.

getSunrise() → DateTime?

The getSunrise method Returns a Date representing the AstronomicalCalculator.getElevationAdjustment sunrise time. The zenith used for the calculation uses GEOMETRIC_ZENITH of 90° plus AstronomicalCalculator.getElevationAdjustment. This is adjusted by the AstronomicalCalculator to add approximately 50/60 of a degree to account for 34 archminutes of refraction and 16 archminutes for the sun's radius for a total of AstronomicalCalculator.adjustZenith. See documentation for the specific implementation of the AstronomicalCalculator that you are using.

inherited

getSunriseBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

A method that returns the Baal Hatanya's netz amiti (sunrise) without AstronomicalCalculator.getElevationAdjustment elevation adjustment. This forms the base for the Baal Hatanya's dawn based calculations that are calculated as a dip below the horizon before sunrise.

getSunriseOffsetByDegrees(double offsetZenith) → DateTime?

A utility method that returns the time of an offset by degrees below or above the horizon of getSunrise. Note that the degree offset is from the vertical, so for a calculation of 14° before sunrise, an offset of 14 + GEOMETRIC_ZENITH = 104 would have to be passed as a parameter.

inherited

getSunriseSolarDipFromOffset(double minutes) → double

Returns the dip below the horizon before sunrise that matches the offset minutes on passed in as a parameter. For example passing in 72 minutes for a calendar set to the equinox in Jerusalem returns a value close to 16.1° Please note that this method is very slow and inefficient and should NEVER be used in a loop. TODO: Improve efficiency.

inherited

getSunset() → DateTime?

The getSunset method Returns a Date representing the AstronomicalCalculator.getElevationAdjustment sunset time. The zenith used for the calculation uses GEOMETRIC_ZENITH of 90° plus AstronomicalCalculator.getElevationAdjustment. This is adjusted by the AstronomicalCalculator to add approximately 50/60 of a degree to account for 34 archminutes of refraction and 16 archminutes for the sun's radius for a total of AstronomicalCalculator.adjustZenith. See documentation for the specific implementation of the AstronomicalCalculator that you are using. Note: In certain cases the calculates sunset will occur before sunrise. This will typically happen when a timezone other than the local timezone is used (calculating Los Angeles sunset using a GMT timezone for example). In this case the sunset date will be incremented to the following date.

inherited

getSunsetBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

A method that returns the Baal Hatanya's shkiah amiti (sunset) without {link AstronomicalCalculator#getElevationAdjustment(double) elevation adjustment. This forms the base for the Baal Hatanya's dusk based calculations that are calculated as a dip below the horizon after sunset.

getSunsetOffsetByDegrees(double offsetZenith) → DateTime?

A utility method that returns the time of an offset by degrees below or above the horizon of getSunset. Note that the degree offset is from the vertical, so for a calculation of 14° after sunset, an offset of 14 + GEOMETRIC_ZENITH = 104 would have to be passed as a parameter.

inherited

getSunsetSolarDipFromOffset(double minutes) → double

Returns the dip below the horizon after sunset that matches the offset minutes on passed in as a parameter. For example passing in 72 minutes for a calendar set to the equinox in Jerusalem returns a value close to 16.1° Please note that this method is very slow and inefficient and should NEVER be used in a loop. TODO: Improve efficiency.

inherited

getSunTransit([DateTime? startOfDay, DateTime? endOfDay]) → DateTime?

A method that returns sundial or solarnoon. It occurs when the Sun is transiting the celestial meridian. In this class it is calculated as halfway between the sunrise and sunset passed to this method. This time can be slightly off the real transit time due to changes in declination (the lengthening or shortening day).

inherited

getTaanisExitTime({bool inIsrael = false, dynamic isAshkenaz = false}) → DateTime?

getTaanisStartTime({bool inIsrael = false, dynamic isAshkenaz = false}) → DateTime?

getTallisAndTefillin({bool inIsrael = false, dynamic isAshkenaz = false}) → DateTime?

A method that return Tallis And Tefillin Zman

getTchilasZmanKidushLevana3Days([DateTime? alos, DateTime? tzais]) → DateTime?

Returns the earliest time of Kiddush Levana according to Rabbeinu Yonah's opinion that it can be said 3 days after the molad. If the time of tchilas zman Kiddush Levana occurs during the day (between alos and tzais passed to this method) it will return the following tzais. If null is passed for either alos or tzais, the actual tchilas zman Kiddush Levana will be returned, regardless of if it is during the day or not. This method is available in the current release of the API but may change or be removed in the future since it depends on the still changing {link JewishCalendar and related classes.

getTchilasZmanKidushLevana7Days([DateTime? alos, DateTime? tzais]) → DateTime?

Returns the earliest time of Kiddush Levana according to the opinions that it should not be said until 7 days after the molad. The time will be returned even if it occurs during the day when Kiddush Levana can't be recited. Use getTchilasZmanKidushLevana7Days if you want to limit the time to night hours. alos the beginning of the Jewish day. If Kidush Levana occurs during the day (starting at alos and ending at tzais), the time returned will be tzais. If either the alos or tzais parameters are null, no daytime adjustment will be made. tzais the end of the Jewish day. If Kidush Levana occurs during the day (starting at alos and ending at tzais), the time returned will be tzais. If either the alos or tzais parameters are null, no daytime adjustment will be made.

getTemporalHour([DateTime? startOfDay, DateTime? endOfDay]) → double

A utility method that will allow the calculation of a temporal (solar) hour based on the sunrise and sunset passed as parameters to this method. An example of the use of this method would be the calculation of a non-elevation adjusted temporal hour by passing in getSeaLevelSunrise and getSeaLevelSunset as parameters.

inherited

getTzais() → DateTime?

A method that returns tzais (nightfall) when the sun is ZENITH_8_POINT_5 8.5° below the GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric horizon (90°) after getSunset sunset, a time that Rabbi Meir Posen in his the Ohr Meir calculated that 3 small stars are visible, which is later than the required 3 medium stars. See the ZENITH_8_POINT_5 constant.

inherited

getTzais120() → DateTime?

This method returns tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham that the time to walk the distance of a Mil according to the Rambam's opinion is 2/5 of an hour (24 minutes) for a total of 120 minutes based on the opinion of Ula who calculated tzais as 5 Mil after sea level shkiah (sunset). A similar calculation getTzais26Degrees uses temporal calculations based on this time.

getTzais120Zmanis() → DateTime?

Method to return tzais (dusk) calculated using 120 minutes zmaniyos after getSeaLevelSunset.

getTzais16Point1Degrees() → DateTime?

This calculates the time of tzais at the point when the sun is 16.1° below the horizon. This is the sun's dip below the horizon 72 minutes after sunset according Rabbeinu Tam's calculation of tzais around the equinox in Jerusalem. This is the opinion of Rabbi Meir Posen in the Ohr Meir (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/956316270) and others. See Yisrael Vehazmanim vol I, 34:1:4. For information on how this is calculated see the comments on getAlos16Point1Degrees

getTzais18Degrees() → DateTime?

For information on how this is calculated see the comments on getAlos18Degrees

getTzais19Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

For information on how this is calculated see the comments on getAlos19Point8Degrees

getTzais26Degrees() → DateTime?

For information on how this is calculated see the comments on getAlos26Degrees

getTzais50() → DateTime?

Method to return tzais (dusk) calculated as 50 minutes after sea level sunset. This method returns tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of Rabbi Moshe Feinstein for the New York area. This time should not be used for latitudes different than the NY area.

getTzais60() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the _ Chavas Yair_ and Divrei Malkiel that the time to walk the distance of a Mil is 15 minutes for a total of 60 minutes for 4 Mil after getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset.

getTzais72() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of Rabbeinu Tam that tzais hakochavim is calculated as 72 minutes, the time it takes to walk 4 Mil at 18 minutes a Mil. According to the Machtzis Hashekel in Orach Chaim 235:3, the Pri Megadim in Orach Chaim 261:2 (see the Biur Halacha) and others (see Hazmanim Bahalacha 17:3 and 17:5) the 72 minutes are standard clock minutes any time of the year in any location. Depending on the isUseElevation setting) a 72 minute offset from either getSunset or getSeaLevelSunset is used.

inherited

getTzais72Zmanis() → DateTime?

Method to return tzais (dusk) calculated as 72 minutes zmaniyos, or 1/10th of the day after getSeaLevelSunset.This is the way that the Minchas Cohen (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Cohen_Pimentel) in Ma'amar 2:4 calculates Rebbeinu Tam's time of tzeis. It should be noted that this calculation results in the shortest time from sunset to tzais being during the winter solstice, the longest at the summer solstice and 72 clock minutes at the equinox. This does not match reality, since there is no direct relationship between the length of the day and twilight. The shortest twilight is during the equinox, the longest is during the the summer solstice, and in the winter with the shortest daylight, the twilight period is longer than during the equinoxes.

getTzais90() → DateTime?

Method to return tzais (dusk) calculated as 90 minutes after sea level sunset. This method returns tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Magen Avraham that the time to walk the distance of a Mil according to the Rambam's opinion is 18 minutes for a total of 90 minutes based on the opinion of Ula who calculated tzais as 5 Mil after sea level shkiah (sunset). A similar calculation getTzais19Point8Degreesuses solar position calculations based on this time.

getTzais90Zmanis() → DateTime?

Method to return tzais (dusk) calculated using 90 minutes zmaniyos after getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset.

getTzais96() → DateTime?

A method to return tzais (dusk) calculated as 96 minutes after sea level sunset. For information on how this is calculated see the comments on getAlos96.

getTzais96Zmanis() → DateTime?

Method to return tzais (dusk) calculated using 96 minutes zmaniyos or 1/7.5 of the day after getSeaLevelSunset.

getTzaisAteretTorah() → DateTime?

This method returns tzais usually calculated as 40 minutes (configurable to any offset via setAteretTorahSunsetOffset) after sunset. Please note that Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah who uses this time, does so only for calculating various other zmanai hayom such as Sof Zman Krias Shema and Plag Hamincha. His calendars do not publish a zman for Tzais. It should also be noted that Chacham Harari-Raful provided a 25 minute zman for Israel. This API uses 40 minutes year round in any place on the globe by default. This offset can be changed by calling setAteretTorahSunsetOffset.

getTzaisBaalHatanya() → DateTime?

A method that returns tzais (nightfall) when the sun is 6° below the western geometric horizon (90°) after [getSunset sunset. For information on the source of this calculation see ZENITH_6_DEGREES.

getTzaisGeonim3Point65Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 3/4 of a Mil based on an 18 minute Mil, or 13.5 minutes. It is the sun's position at ZENITH_3_POINT_65 3.65° below the western horizon. This is a very early zman and should not be relied on without Rabbinical guidance.

getTzaisGeonim3Point676Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 3/4 of a Mil based on an 18 minute Mil, or 13.5 minutes. It is the sun's position at [ZENITH_3_POINT_676 3.676° below the western horizon based on the calculations of Stanley Fishkind. This is a very early zman and should not be relied on without Rabbinical guidance.

getTzaisGeonim3Point7Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated at the sun's position at ZENITH_3_POINT_7 3.7° below the western horizon.

getTzaisGeonim3Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated at the sun's position at ZENITH_3_POINT_8 3.8° below the western horizon.

getTzaisGeonim4Point37Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 3/4 of a Mil, based on a 22.5 minute Mil, or 16 7/8 minutes. It is the sun's position at ZENITH_4_POINT_37 4.37° below the western horizon. This is a very early zman and should not be relied on without Rabbinical guidance.

getTzaisGeonim4Point61Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 3/4 of a Mil based on a 24 minute Mil, or 18 minutes. It is the sun's position at ZENITH_4_POINT_61 4.61° below the western horizon. This is a very early zman and should not be relied on without Rabbinical guidance.

getTzaisGeonim4Point8Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 3/4 of a Mil based on the sun's position at ZENITH_4_POINT_8 4.8° below the western horizon. This is based on Rabbi Leo Levi's calculations. This is the This is a very early zman and should not be relied on without Rabbinical guidance. todo Additional documentation needed.

getTzaisGeonim5Point88Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 3/4 of a 24 minute Mil, based on a Mil being 24 minutes, and is calculated as 18 + 2 + 4 for a total of 24 minutes. It is the sun's position at ZENITH_5_POINT_88 5.88° below the western horizon. This is a very early zman and should not be relied on without Rabbinical guidance.

getTzaisGeonim5Point95Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated at the sun's position at ZENITH_5_POINT_95 5.95° below the western horizon.

getTzaisGeonim6Point45Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim as calculated by Rabbi Yechiel Michel Tucazinsky. It is based on of the position of the sun no later than getTzaisGeonim6Point45Degrees 31 minutes after sunset in Jerusalem the height of the summer solstice and is 28 minutes after shkiah at the equinox. This computes to 6.45° below the western horizon. todo Additional documentation details needed.

getTzaisGeonim7Point083Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 30 minutes after sunset during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) in Yerushalayim. The sun's position at this time computes to ZENITH_7_POINT_083 7.083° (or 7° 5\u2032 below the western horizon. Note that this is a common and rounded number. Computation shows the accurate number is 7.2°

getTzaisGeonim7Point67Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 45 minutes after sunset during the summer solstice in New York, when the neshef (twilight) is the longest. The sun's position at this time computes to ZENITH_7_POINT_67 7.75° below the western horizon. See Igros Moshe Even Haezer 4, Ch. 4 (regarding tzais for krias Shema). It is also mentioned in Rabbi Heber's Shaarei Zmanim on in chapter 10 (page 87) and chapter 12 (page 108). Also see the time of 45 minutes in Rabbi Simcha Bunim Cohen's The radiance of Shabbos as the earliest zman for New York. This zman is also listed in the Divrei Shalom Vol. III, chapter 75, and Bais Av"i Vol. III, chapter 117. This zman is also listed in the Divrei Shalom etc. chapter 177. Since this zman depends on the level of light, Rabbi Yaakov Shakow presented this degree based calculation to Rabbi Rabbi Shmuel Kamenetsky(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shmuel_Kamenetsky) who agreed to it. todo add hyperlinks to source of Divrei Shalom. return the DateTime representing the time when the sun is 7.67° below sea level. If the calculation can't be computed such as northern and southern locations even south of the Arctic Circle and north of the Antarctic Circle where the sun may not reach low enough below the horizon for this calculation, a null will be returned. See detailed explanation on top of the AstronomicalCalendar documentation. see ZENITH_7_POINT_67

getTzaisGeonim8Point5Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated at the sun's position at ZENITH_8_POINT_5 8.5° below the western horizon.

getTzaisGeonim9Point3Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the calculations used in the Luach Itim Lebinah as the stringent time for tzais. It is calculated at the sun's position at ZENITH_9_POINT_3 9.3° below the western horizon.

getTzaisGeonim9Point75Degrees() → DateTime?

This method returns the tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim calculated as 60 minutes after sunset during the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) in New York. The sun's position at this time computes to ZENITH_9_POINT_75 9.75° below the western horizon. This is the opinion of Rabbi Eliyahu Henkin. This also follows the opinion of Rabbi Shmuel Kamenetsky. Rabbi Yaakov Shakow presented these degree based times to Rabbi Shmuel Kamenetsky who agreed to them.

getUTCSeaLevelSunrise(double zenith) → double

A method that returns the sunrise in UTC time without correction for time zone offset from GMT and without using daylight savings time. Non-sunrise and sunset calculations such as dawn and dusk, depend on the amount of visible light, something that is not affected by elevation. This method returns UTC sunrise calculated at sea level. This forms the base for dawn calculations that are calculated as a dip below the horizon before sunrise.

inherited

getUTCSeaLevelSunset(double zenith) → double

A method that returns the sunset in UTC time without correction for elevation, time zone offset from GMT and without using daylight savings time. Non-sunrise and sunset calculations such as dawn and dusk, depend on the amount of visible light, something that is not affected by elevation. This method returns UTC sunset calculated at sea level. This forms the base for dusk calculations that are calculated as a dip below the horizon after sunset.

inherited

getUTCSunrise(double zenith) → double

A method that returns the sunrise in UTC time without correction for time zone offset from GMT and without using daylight savings time.

inherited

getUTCSunset(double zenith) → double

A method that returns the sunset in UTC time without correction for time zone offset from GMT and without using daylight savings time.

inherited

getYomTovExitTime() → DateTime

A method that return exit time of the closer Yom Tov

getYomTovStartTime() → DateTime

A method that return entry time of the closer Yom Tov

getZmanisBasedOffset(double hours) → DateTime?

Utility method to return alos (dawn) or tzais (dusk) based on a fractional day offset.

getZmanMolad() → DateTime?

Returns the earliest time of Kiddush Levana according to Rabbeinu Yonah's opinion that it can be said 3 days after the molad. If the time of tchilas zman Kiddush Levana occurs during the day (between alos and tzais passed to this method) it will return the following tzais. If null is passed for either alos or tzais, the actual tchilas zman Kiddush Levana will be returned, regardless of if it is during the day or not.

isAssurBemlacha(DateTime currentTime, DateTime tzais, bool inIsrael) → bool

This is a utility method to determine if the current Date (date-time) passed in has a melacha (work) prohibition. Since there are many opinions on the time of tzais, the tzais for the current day has to be passed to this class. Sunset is the classes current day's getElevationAdjustedSunset elevation adjusted sunset that observes the isUseElevation settings. The JewishCalendar#getInIsrael will be set by the inIsrael parameter.

inherited

isUseElevation() → bool

Is elevation above sea level calculated for times besides sunrise and sunset. According to Rabbi Dovid Yehuda Bursztyn in his Zmanim Kehilchasam (second edition published in 2007) chapter 2 (pages 186-187) no zmanim besides sunrise and sunset should use elevation. However Rabbi Yechiel Avrahom Zilber in the Birur Halacha Vol. 6 Ch. 58 Pages 34 and 42 is of the opinion that elevation should be accounted for in zmanim calculations. Related to this, Rabbi Yaakov Karp in <a href= Shimush Zekeinim, Ch. 1, page 17 states that obstructing horizons should be factored into zmanim calculations.The setting defaults to false (elevation will not be used for zmanim calculations), unless the setting is changed to true in setUseElevation. This will impact sunrise and sunset based zmanim such as getSunrise(), getSunset, getSofZmanShmaGRA, alos based zmanim such as _getSofZmanShmaMGA that are based on a fixed offset of sunrise or sunset and zmanim based on a percentage of the day such as ComplexZmanimCalendar.getSofZmanShmaMGA90MinutesZmanis that are based on sunrise and sunset. It will not impact zmanim that are a degree based offset of sunrise and sunset, such as ComplexZmanimCalendar.getSofZmanShmaMGA16Point1Degrees or ComplexZmanimCalendar.getSofZmanShmaBaalHatanya. /// return if the use of elevation is active /// see setUseElevation

inherited

noSuchMethod(Invocation invocation) → dynamic

Invoked when a nonexistent method or property is accessed.

inherited

setAstronomicalCalculator(AstronomicalCalculator astronomicalCalculator) → void

A method to set the AstronomicalCalculator used for astronomical calculations. The Zmanim package ships with a number of different implementations of the abstract AstronomicalCalculator based on different algorithms, including SunTimesCalculator based on the US Naval Observatory's algorithm, and NOAACalculator based on NOAA's algorithm. This allows easy runtime switching and comparison of different algorithms.

inherited

setAteretTorahSunsetOffset(double ateretTorahSunsetOffset) → void

Allows setting the offset in minutes after sunset for the Ateret Torah zmanim. The default if unset is 40 minutes. Chacham Yosef Harari-Raful of Yeshivat Ateret Torah uses 40 minutes globally with the exception of Israel where a 25 minute offset is used. This 40 minute (or any other) offset can be overridden by this method. This offset impacts all Ateret Torah zmanim.

setCalendar(DateTime calendar) → void

calendar: The calendar to set.

inherited

setCandleLightingOffset(double candleLightingOffset) → void

A method to set the offset in minutes before AstronomicalCalendar.getSeaLevelSunset sea level sunset that is used in calculating candle lighting time. The default time used is 18 minutes before sunset. Some calendars use 15 minutes, while the custom in Jerusalem is to use a 40 minute offset.

inherited

setGeoLocation(GeoLocation geoLocation) → void

Sets the GeoLocation Object to be used for astronomical calculations.

inherited

setUseElevation(bool useElevation) → void

Sets whether elevation above sea level is factored into zmanim calculations for times besides sunrise and sunset. See isUseElevation for more details.

inherited

toString() → String

A string representation of this object.

inherited

Operators

operator ==(Object object) → bool

See also Object.equals.

inherited

Constants

ZENITH_1_POINT_583 → const double

The zenith of 1.583° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating netz amiti (sunrise) and shkiah amiti (sunset) based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya.

ZENITH_3_POINT_7 → const double

The zenith of 3.7° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim that tzais is the time it takes to walk 3/4 of a Mil at 18 minutes a Mil, or 13.5 minutes after sunset. The sun is 3.7° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith at this time in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes.

ZENITH_3_POINT_8 → const double

The zenith of 3.8° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Geonim that tzais is the time it takes to walk 3/4 of a Mil at 18 minutes a Mil, or 13.5 minutes after sunset. The sun is 3.8° below [GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith at this time in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes.

ZENITH_3_POINT_65 → const double

The zenith of 3.65° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun getTzaisGeonim3Point65Degrees 13.5 minutes after sunset (3/4 of an 18 minute Mil) in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 3.65° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

ZENITH_3_POINT_676 → const double

The zenith of 3.676° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). todo Add more documentation.

ZENITH_4_POINT_8 → const double

The zenith of 5.88° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). todo Add more documentation. see getTzaisGeonim4Point8Degrees

ZENITH_4_POINT_37 → const double

The zenith of 4.37° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun getTzaisGeonim4Point37Degrees 16 7/8 minutes after sunset (3/4 of a 22.5 minute Mil) in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 4.37° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

ZENITH_4_POINT_61 → const double

The zenith of 4.61° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun getTzaisGeonim4Point37Degrees 18 minutes after sunset (3/4 of a 24 minute Mil) in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 4.61° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

ZENITH_5_POINT_88 → const double

The zenith of 5.88° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). todo Add more documentation.

ZENITH_5_POINT_95 → const double

The zenith of 5.95° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 24 minutes after sunset in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes, which calculates to 5.95° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith.

ZENITH_6_DEGREES → const double

The zenith of 6° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 24 minutes after getSunset sunset in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes, which is 6° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith.

ZENITH_6_POINT_45 → const double

The zenith of 6.45° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This is based on the calculations of Rabbi Yechiel Michel Tucazinsky of the position of the sun no later than getTzaisGeonim6Point45Degrees 31 minutes after sunset in Jerusalem, and at the height of the summer solstice, this zman is 28 minutes after_shkiah_. This computes to 6.45° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH. This calculation is found in the Birur Halacha Yoreh Deah 262 (https://hebrewbooks.org/pdfpager.aspx?req=50536&st=&pgnum=51) it the commonly used zman in Israel. It should be noted that this differs from the 6.1°/6.2° calculation for Rabbi Tucazinsky's time as calculated by the Hazmanim Bahalacha Vol II chapter 50:7 (page 515).

ZENITH_7_POINT_65 → const double

The zenith of 7.65° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions.

ZENITH_7_POINT_67 → const double

The zenith of 7.67° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais according to some opinions.

ZENITH_7_POINT_083 → const double

The zenith of 7.083° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This is often referred to as 7°5' or 7° and 5 minutes. This calculation is used for calculating alos (dawn) and tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 30 minutes after sunset in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes, which calculates to 7.0833333° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith. This is time some opinions consider dark enough for 3 stars to be visible. This is the opinion of the Sh"Ut Melamed Leho'il, Sh"Ut Bnei Tziyon, Tenuvas Sadeh and very close to the time of the Mekor Chesed of the Sefer chasidim. todo Confirm the proper source.

ZENITH_9_POINT_3 → const double

The zenith of 9.3° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions.

ZENITH_9_POINT_5 → const double

The zenith of 9.5° below [GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions.

ZENITH_9_POINT_75 → const double

The zenith of 9.75° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating alos (dawn) and tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions.

ZENITH_10_POINT_2 → const double

The zenith of 10.2° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 45 minutes before getSunrise sunrise in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 10.2° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith.

ZENITH_11_DEGREES → const double

The zenith of 11° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 48 minutes before getSunrise sunrise in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 11° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

ZENITH_11_POINT_5 → const double

The zenith of 11.5° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating misheyakir according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 52 minutes before getSunrise sunrise in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 11.5° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

ZENITH_13_POINT_24 → const double

The zenith of 13.24° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating Rabbeinu Tam's bain hashmashos according to some opinions. NOTE: See comments on getBainHasmashosRT13Point24Degrees for additional details about the degrees.

ZENITH_16_POINT_9 → const double

The zenith of 16.9° below geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for determining alos (dawn) based on the opinion of the Baal Hatanya. It is based on the calculation that the time between dawn and netz amiti (sunrise) is 72 minutes, the time that is takes to walk 4 mil at 18 minutes a mil (Rambam and others). The sun's position at 72 minutes before getSunriseBaalHatanya netz amiti (sunrise) in Jerusalem on the equinox (on March 16, about 4 days before the astronomical equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes) is 16.9° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith.

ZENITH_19_DEGREES → const double

The zenith of 19° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating alos according to some opinions.

ZENITH_19_POINT_8 → const double

The zenith of 19.8° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating alos (dawn) and tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun 90 minutes after sunset in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 19.8° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

ZENITH_26_DEGREES → const double

The zenith of 26° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith (90°). This calculation is used for calculating alos (dawn) and tzais (nightfall) according to some opinions. This calculation is based on the position of the sun getAlos120 120 minutes after sunset in Jerusalem on March 16, about 4 days before the equinox, the day that a solar hour is 60 minutes which calculates to 26° below GEOMETRIC_ZENITH geometric zenith

ZENITH_MINUS_2_POINT_1 → const double

The zenith of 2.1° above GEOMETRIC_ZENITH (90°). This calculation is used for calculating the start of bain hashmashos (twilight) of 13.5 minutes before sunset converted to degrees according to the Yereim. As is traditional with degrees below the horizon, this is calculated without refraction and from the center of the sun. It would be 0.833° less without this.

ZENITH_MINUS_2_POINT_8 → const double

The zenith of 2.8° above GEOMETRIC_ZENITH (90°). This calculation is used for calculating the start of bain hashmashos (twilight) of 16.875 minutes before sunset converted to degrees according to the Yereim. As is traditional with degrees below the horizon, this is calculated without refraction and from the center of the sun. It would be 0.833° less without this.

ZENITH_MINUS_3_POINT_05 → const double

The zenith of 3.05° above GEOMETRIC_ZENITH (90°). This calculation is used for calculating the start of bain hashmashos (twilight) of 18 minutes before sunset converted to degrees according to the Yereim. As is traditional with degrees below the horizon, this is calculated without refraction and from the center of the sun. It would be 0.833° less without this.